文档介绍：动词、短语动词和动词短语
纵观近几年的高考英语试题,单项填空题考查动词的语义用法是从两个角度设计题目的:一是近义词,二是形近词。
常见动词辨析
1. appear, e,grow, stay
除be外,还有些动词可以用作系动词。这些动词用作系动词时,仍然有动词的含义,故有的语法学家称之为“半系动词”。常见的这类系动词有:appear(显得),e(变成),grow(变得),stay(保持)。这些系动词不能单独作谓语,必须与表语(多为形容词)一起构成合成谓语。
其他常见的系动词还有:fall(落入),feel(感觉),get(成为),go(变得),keep(保持),look(看上去),prove(证明),remain(还是),seem(似乎),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),turn(变成)。例如:
That sounds great. 听起来妙极了。
As he grew older, his songs became more humorous and optimistic. 随着年龄的增长,他的歌变得更加风趣、乐观了。
After that, what really happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 从那以后,琥珀屋的最终所归仍旧是一个谜。
Roy went bright red. 罗伊满脸通红。
注意:英语的系表结构中,有一些固定搭配,如:fall asleep / ill / sick; go bad / blind / dead / hungry / pale / red / rotten / tired / wrong; grow angry / big / cold / calm / dark / fat / hot / loud / old / rich / serious / thin / tall / worse; keep calm / close / cool / fit / fine / near / quiet / silent / warm。
[链接高考]
Emergency line operators must always __ calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help. (2007湖北卷)
A. grow B. appear C. e D. stay
2. say, speak, talk, tell
say强调说话的内容,如say something about;say 还有“表明,建议”之意,如Let’s meet next week—shall we say Tuesday? speak强调说话的能力,如The baby can speak. (婴儿会说话了。)talk强调两个人谈话,如talk to/with sb. 。tell是指一个人对另外一个人说什么事,如tell us a story。
注意这几个词的一些习惯搭配,如:The letter/notice says that...(信上/布告写道);It is said that... (据说……);talk big(说大