文档介绍：鱼腥草挥发油提取工艺优化
[摘要] 目的研究水蒸气蒸馏法提取干品鱼腥草挥发油的最佳工艺条件。方法以挥发油提取率为评价指标,采用单因素考察和正交试验设计,考察粉碎度、浸泡时间、料液比和回流时间对挥发油提取率的影响。结果水蒸汽蒸馏提取干品鱼腥草挥发油的最佳工艺条件为药材粉碎至粗粉,料液比1∶10(g/g),浸泡10h,加热回流10h。结论最佳提取工艺提取率较高、重现性良好,具有实际应用价值。
[关键词] 鱼腥草;挥发油;水蒸汽蒸馏
[中图分类号] R284 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616(2015)01-82-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate optimum conditions of the steam distillation of volatile oil from houttuynia cordata. Methods The extraction rate of volatile oil was evaluated, the degree of crushing, soaking time, materials effects of liquid ratio and reflux time of volatile oil extraction rate were observed using the single factor and orthogonal experimental design. Results To crush to a coarse powder was the optimum conditions of steam distillation extraction of volatile oil from houttuynia cordata, the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶10 (g/g), soaked 10h , heated to reflux for 10h. Conclusion The extraction rate of the optimum extraction is high, with good reproducibility, is worth of practical value.
[Key words] Houttuynia cordata; Volatile oil; Steam distillation
鱼腥草为三白草科蕺菜属植物蕺菜(houttuynia cordata thunb)之全草,具有清热解毒、消肿排脓、利尿通淋的功效。现代药理及临床应用研究表明,鱼腥草具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、调节免疫、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等作用[1-12]。鱼腥草富含挥发油、黄***类、有机酸、生物碱、蛋白质、维生素等营养成分,营养价值很高,被国家卫生部正式确定为药食两用品种之一,是极具开发潜力的资源。鱼腥草挥发油是该药材的主要活性部位[13],具有抗病毒、抗菌、抗炎、镇咳、祛痰、抗过敏、利尿、增强机体免疫功能,抗肿瘤等药理作用[14-19],目前临床多应用于消炎抗菌。
提取挥发油的方法有水蒸气蒸馏法、油脂吸收法、有机溶剂萃取法、超临界流体萃取法和冷压法等[20]。由于水蒸气蒸馏法具有设备简单