文档介绍：Angles and Saxons
Anglo-Saxon----Old English
Beowulf----Grendel
Bayeux Tapestry
William the Conqueror
-1066 Battle of Hastings
Normandy ---Norman French
Old English
French
Cow
Beef
Ask
Demand
Pig
Pork
Sheep
Mutton
William the Conqueror’s Heirs:
Robert----inherits Normandy
William Rufus----inherits England
Henry I----inherits money
Henry II’s Reforms (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189):
-Reduce the power of Barons
-Tax System
-Courts----Judges
Jury
Common Law
Mercenary 唯利是图的人
Duels or ordeals
Legal Precedent
King John (1166-1216) Robin Hood
Magna Carta英国大宪章
1215 Runnymede
The king must promise to observe the rights of his vassals and the vassals inture must observe the rights of their men.
No tax is to be levied in the kingdom without the consent of the Great Council.
No free man shall be imprisoned or banished or punished in any way, unless convicted by a jury of his peers.
Respect the property rights of merchants and formers.
Hundred Years War (1337-1453)
England vs. France
Edward III
Henry V
Agincourt 1415 阿金库尔战役Oct. combat with French army
Longbow长弓;大弓-Crossbow弩;长弓
Annihilate歼灭;战胜
Black Death---lead to the invention of martial weapons
-Gunpowder***
Parliament 议会;国会
Henry VIII合并英格兰和威尔士
James VI and I (James I)
-divine right of kings 君权神授
-suppression of the Catholics
Charles I ---- Protestant新教的;新教徒的
Parliament Further limit
Petition of Right 2nd Magna Carta
850 pounds/day
Militia Bill
-reform Church of England
-Counselors appointed by Parliament to the king
English Civil War
★Oliver Cromwell 奥利弗;克伦威尔
Radical激进分子
Trial for Treason 叛国罪
Cromwell---Lord Protector
Charles II
Tradition of government is king, lords mons.
Anti-Catholic Laws
James II
William and Mary
Glorious Revolution 1688
-Supremacy of Parliament
-Bill of Right
-No Catholics
-Letter of Marque 私掠许可证;逮捕许可证
-Roanoke 1585 75men
-1586 all leave
-1587 117 people but in 1590 no one left
1607 Jamestown, 詹姆斯顿(北美第一个英国永久殖民地)Virgini