文档介绍：Ralph J. Brodd
Broddarp of Nevada, Inc.
Henderson, NV 89074
Li-Ion Batteries for the Future
Energy Storage Capability
2
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Wh/l
0 100 200 300 Wh/kg
Li-Ion
Ni-MH
Ni-Cd
Lead Acid
Rechargeable
Lithium - Air
Alkaline Primary
Rechargeable
Aqueous
Batteries
October 2009
International Forum on Li-Ion Battery Technology and Industrial Development
Li-Ion Performance Growth
3
Technology
Materials Understanding Engineering Improvements
1 Ah
1991
Ah
2003
Low Cost
Mn Spinel or Phosphate Cathode
Natural Graphite Anode
PC Electrolyte?
Ah
2006
New
anode, cathode. electrolyte, binders, packaging, etc.
High Performance
Doped Ni-Mn-Ni Cathode
Alloy Anode
New Electrolytes
Period of Rebirth
3+ Ah
2010
Today, cost and safety are the major drivers along with high rate capability
3
October 2009
International Forum on Li-Ion Battery Technology and Industrial Development
What Does “Lithium Ion” Mean?
4
Unlike Lead Acid or Ni-Cd, Li-Ion does not define a “unique”
chemistry
Original - LiCoO2–hard carbon–LiPF6–aliphatic carbonates, now
favor LiMn2O4, NCA, LiNi⅓Mn⅓C⅓O2, LiNi½Mn½O2, LiFePO4,
cathodes and surface treated graphite, mesophase pitch, titanate
anodes
Like ice cream, Li-Ion es in many flavors
Safety issues continue to be a problem, stored energy content as a
4 volts, cell = 600+ºC and thermal runaway is shorted
Safety incidents in portable rated at ~ 1 in 5 million
Caused by manufacturing defects not abuse!
Safety problems MUST be resolved or government safety action is
threatened (concern for fire on aircraft), ALPA wants them banned.
4
October 2009
International Forum on Li-Ion Battery Technology and Industrial Development
Automotive Li-Ion Technology and Market
5
A rapidly developing market, worldwide. New cell sizes, new production techniques, new high performance materials.
The anticipated demand for EV, PHEV and HEV as well as electric trucks, buses is real and favors development of lithium-ion