文档介绍：基于单片机的直流电机转速控制
摘要
随着现代科技的不断发展,现在的电子产品越来越多,在早期,电子产品一般是纯硬件电路,没有使用单片机,电路复杂难以设计,也难以检查问题,随着微控制技术的不断完善和发展,集成芯片越来越多,单片机便出来了,换言之,单片机的应用是对传统控制技术的一场革命。具有划时代的意义。以前人机界面一般采用LED数码二极管,随着LCD液晶显示器的出现,人机界面更加人性化、智能化,它能显示数字、汉字和图象,控制LCD液晶显示器也很方便,电路设计也比较简单,加上单片机,组合实现的功能也比较强大,还可方便以后电路的升级与扩展。本文结合LCD显示等多种技术,实现了基于51单片机的电机转速测量控制系统的设计。
转速测控方法有频率法和周期法,由于本设计中电机转速较低,所以采用周期法进行计算,保证其精度。在设计中采用光电传感器采集信号,这种传感器是把旋转轴的转速变为相应频率的脉冲,然后用测量电路测出频率,由频率值就可知道所测转速值。红外线发光二极管负责发出光信号,红外线三极管接受发出的光信号,产生电信号,每转过一圈,光的明暗变化经历了一个方波周期,即产生了脉冲电信号。将处理好的信号接入单片机的T0计数口进行编程计数,最后在液晶显示器上显示结果。
关键词:单片机;电机;转速测控;液晶显示器

Abstract
With the development of modern science and technology, there are more and more electronic products. In the early period, electronic products usually use hardware. Without the single-chip processor, it is plicated to design the circuit and find the problem. With the improvement and development of micro-control technique, there are more and more system on chips. Single-chip processor e up. In other words, the application of singe-chip processor is a revolution for traditional control technique, and has time significance. In motor control, it also depends on people’s sense, without and concept of speed test. Before the appearance of LCD Liquid Crystal Display, human-machine interface generally uses LED digital diode. Now the human-machine interface has developed into more intelligence and ability and human naturally. It can display the number, word, and image, control LCD liquid crystal display is very convenient and easy to design the circuit. With the single-chip processor, the function position is much stronger, and easy to upgrade and expand for the circuit. This bines techniques for testing LCD, realizes the design of motor speed test control system based on 51 single-chip processor.
Rotating speed measurement method and cycle frequency, as the design of a low motor speed, so the calculation method using the cycle to ensure its accuracy. Used in the design of photoelectric sensor signal acquisition, the