文档介绍：第11章电化学基础
Electrochemistry foundation
11-1 Oxidation-Reduction Reaction
11-2 galvanic cells
11-3 pragmatic cells
11-4 several problem about electrolysis
A survey about electrochemistry
Elecreochemistry constitutes one of the most important interfaces between chemistry and everyday life. Every time you start your car, turn on your light and calculator, look at digital watch, or listen to a radio at the room, you are depending on electrochemical reaction. Our society sometimes seems to run almost entirely on batteries. Certainly, the advent of small, dependable batteries along with silicon chip technology has made possible the tiny calculator, hand-telephone, and robot that we take for granted.
Elecreochemistry is important in other less obvious ways. For example, the corrosion of iron, which has tremendous economic implication, is an electrochemical process. In addition, many important industrial materials such as aluminum, chlorine, and sodium hydroxide are prepared by electrolytic process. In analytical chemistry, electrochemical techniques employ electrodes that are specific for a given molecule or ion, including H+(pHmeters), F-,
Cl-, and many others. These increasingly important method are used to analyze for trace pollutants in natural water or for the tiny quantities of chemicals in human blood that may signal the development of a specific disease.
●Electrochemistry is best defined as the study of the interchange of chemical and electrical energy. ● It is primarily concerned with two processes that involve oxidation-reduction reactions: the generation of an electric current from a chemical reaction, and opposite process, the use of a current to produce chemical change.
化
学
反
应
氧化还原反应
非氧化还原反应
有电子的转移(元素的氧化数发生了变化)
酸碱反应
沉淀反应(无电子的转移)
配位反应
化学反应的分类
11-1 Oxidation-Reduction Reaction
氧化还原→氧化—得氧,还原—失氧
电子转移(得失,偏移)
↓
An oxidation-reduction(redox)reaction involves a transfer of electrons from the reducing agent to the oxidizing agent,and that oxidation