文档介绍：非谓语动词的功能用法
NON-FINITE VERB
限定动词在句中可以充当谓语,有人称、数、时态和语态的变化
非限定动词在句中不受句子主语、人称和数的限定,不能在句中充当谓语,所以也称为非谓语动词
What he has done is disappointing and his parents feel disappointed.
I like getting up very early in summer.
非限定动词
(非谓语动词)
non-finite verb
不定式(to do) infinitive
动名词 V-ing
gerund
分词participle
现在分词 ing
过去分词-ed
不定式
动名词
现在分词
过去分词
主语
∨
∨
宾语
∨
∨
表语
∨
∨
∨
∨
定语
∨
∨
∨
∨
宾语补语
∨
∨
∨
状语
∨
∨
∨
非谓语动词功能一览表
不定式INFINITE
一般式
进行式
完成式
主动
to do
to be doing
to have done
被动
to be done
to have been done
时态
语态
不定式的形式
不定式常常带有自己的宾语,宾语+宾语补足语或状语,带有这些成分的不定式统称为“不定式结构”。
began to study Russian.
wanted to send me a gift.
began to feel sad.
continued to rain heavily.
decided to live in the countryside.
不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号之前加 not, never 等否定词。
We decided not to buy the house.
She wished never to see them again.
She was told not to be worrying any more.
I understand him not to have left here.