文档介绍：The –ing form as the
Subject , Object ,Predictive, Attributive and plement
Grammar
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1. v-ing形式的构成: 是在动词末尾加-ing 形式构成,
因此又叫动词的-ing 形式。即v-ing
否定形式: not+ v-ing 构成
如: do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, not doing etc.
2. v-ing形式不能单独作谓语, 没有人称和数的变化,
但可以有自己的宾语和状语, 还有时态和语态的变化。
v-ing的时态和语态:
3. v-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成, 它同时具有名词和动词的
特征, 在句中可以作主语、宾语等。也可以称为动名词。
语态
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般时
doing
being done
完成时
having done
having been done
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指出-ing形式在下面句中的成分。
Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.
He enjoys listening to violin music.
China is a developing country.
The music is exciting.
We heard her singing in her room.
Being ill, she went back home.
主语
宾语
定语
表语
宾语补足语
状语
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一、动词-ing形式作主语
v-ing 的功能:作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语
二、it 作形式主语
三、There be +no+动名词.

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一、动词-ing形式作主语
表示经常的****惯性的动作或状态,
谓语动词通常用单数。如:
1)Walking is a good form of exercise for both
young and old.
2)Watching news on TV has e a routine
for me.
3)Going to Hangzhou by train takes about
16 hours.
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辨别主语(形式主语和真正主语)
It was a waste of time reading that book.
It is dangerous standing in the middle of
the street.
Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?
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动名词短语作主语常用it作形式主语,把动名
词短语放在句末。
2. it作形式主语代替动名词
eg:Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.
eg:It is considered to be a good habit going to bed early and getting up early
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v-ing形式作主语时常后置, 此时须用it作形式主语, 用形容词或名词作表语。
常见的名词或名词短语有: no use, no good, fun, hard
work, a waste of time 等;
形容词有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless等。
It is no use/useless/good doing…
It is worthwhile doing…
It is a waste of time doing…
it 作形式主语的几个****惯句型:
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3. 在there be no...结构中作主语, 这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do…”。
There is no sense in doing 做……没有道理
There is/was no use doing 做……无意义
There is/was no point doing 做……无意义
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*动名词与不定式做主语时的比较:
动名词表示的动作通常是一个****惯性的长期进行
的动作, 不定式则通常表示动作的一次性或短暂性。
.
1)Teaching English is my job.
2)Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.
3)To reach there on time is my task.
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