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. New Fuel Economy/Emission Standards
Planned regulations for 2012-2016
– NHTSA : CAFE regulations subject to 1975 & 2007 Energy Laws
– EPA: CO2 regulations subject to Clean Air Act
– Work together to provide one national standard that also satisfies California
– 2016 goal
» mpg (about 39 mpg cars and 30 mpg trucks)
NHTSA previously planned to treat diesel and gasoline the same based on mpg
» 250 g/mi CO2 ( mpg for gasoline mpg for diesel)
Ramp up approximately linearly from 2012 to 2016
Unclear if EPA will provide special treatment of diesel (California did not)
Note: 250 g/mi = 156 g/km ~ current value in Europe 120 g/km CO2 in Europe in 2015
Note: China plans to require an additional 18 percent improvement in fuel economy by 2015 = mpg
EPA and NHTSA have different legal requirements
– Driving cycles (?), Air conditioner effects, Treatment of alternative fuels, ...
Required limits vary with vehicle footprint
– footprint = wheelbase x trackwidth
2
Europe Regulation 443-2009 – CO2 Emissions
from PC
– Political process : Published in the official journal in June 09
» “REGULATION (EC) No 443/2009 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE
COUNCIL of 23 April 2009 setting emission performance standards for new passenger
cars as part of munity’s integrated approach to reduce CO2 emissions from
light-duty vehicles”.
» http://eur-?uri=OJ:L:2009:140:0001:0015:EN:PDF
– Content:
Overall average CO2 emissions for new passenger cars fleet (category M1)
» From 1 January 2012 : 120 g CO2/km (Phase in 2012-2015)
» From 2020 onwards: 95 g CO2/km
by means of improvement in vehicle mot