文档介绍：Chapter 8,9 Anticholinergic drugs 第八、九章抗胆碱药
TAISHAN medical university
zhangfeng
I. Definition & classification
cholinoceptor blocking drugs (胆碱受体阻断药)的概念
分类
M-cholinoceptor blocking drugs
M1,M2,M3
N-cholinoceptor blocking drugs
N1,N2
平滑肌解痉药,神经节阻断药,骨骼肌松弛药和中枢性抗胆碱药
Ⅱ. M-cholinoceptor blocking drugs
Atropoine and related alkaloid(生物碱)
阿托品类生物碱及其来源
植物名称
主要生物碱
颠茄(Atropa belladonna) 莨菪碱
曼陀罗(Datura stramonium) 莨菪碱
洋金花(Datura sp.) 东莨菪碱
莨菪(Hyoscyamus niger) 莨菪碱
唐古特莨菪(Scopolia tangutica) 山莨菪碱
Atropine(阿托品), An alkaloid that affects the nervous system
of Action
①Competitive antagonism(对抗) of ACh to muscarinic receptors
②Not distinguish among M1, M2, M3
③Most sensitive tissues: salivary, bronchial and sweat glands
④Less sensitive: gastric parietal cells(壁细胞)(gastric acid secretion)
⑤Intermediate: smooth muscle effectors and the heart
2. Pharmacological Effects
①Inhibition the secretion of gland
gland(dry mouth)
gland(dry skin)
secretary gland
dosage---inhibits the secretary function of the
stomach
②Visual
(散瞳)
(睫状肌麻痹)--can`t focus for near vision
intraocular(眼内的) pressure
M-R
阻断药
M-R
激动药
③Relaxation of visceral(内脏的)smooth muscle
a. stomach intestine (reduced tone and motility)
b. bronchial muscle, detrusor(逼尿肌) of bladder,
urinary tract
c. biliary tract – gallbladder(胆囊) and bile ducts(胆管) -- mild antispasmodic action
d. uterus(子宫) -- very weak effect
④Heart
dosage: decreases heart rate ( M1-R blocker)
dosage: increases the heart rate (M2-R blocker)
is most noticeable in the people whom vagal(迷走神经) tone is considerable.
⑤Dilate(扩张)blood vessels and improve(改善)microcirculation
dosage ---no significant effect
dosage--dilates cutaneous(皮肤的) blood vessels(face and neck)
improve microcirculation,recover the blood supply to the ans, relieve anoxia(缺氧症)of the tissues.
➅CNS stimulating effect