文档介绍：Module Two
语法点的讲练
动名词
Grammar
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动名词的定义
它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为:v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。
动名词的时态和语态的基本形式:(以write为例)
时态
语态
一般时
完成时
主动语态
writing
having written
被动语态
being written
having been written
注意:动名词的否定形式是:not writing
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V-ing形式的构成方式:
,在动词原形后直接加词尾–ing。eg. go – going; do – doing; ask – asking; read --- reading study – studying; carry – carrying; fly – flying;
worry – worrying; 结尾的动词后,去掉e,再加- ing。eg. come – coming live – living dance – dancing make – making 、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词,而末尾只有一个辅音字母时,将这个辅音字母双写(x除外),然后再加–ing. sit – sitting; run – running; begin – beginning; forget – forgetting –ie 结尾的动词后:须将–ie 变作y,再加- ing。(这些动词词典一般均注明) eg. die – dying; tie – tying lie – lying
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性质
主语
表语
宾语
宾补
定语
状语
动名词
n.
pron.
动名词能在句中充当什么成分?
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动名词的基本用法

所表动作比较抽象,或者泛指****惯性的动作。
Playing with fire is dangerous.
Climbing mountains is really fun.
注意:动名词做主语,有时先用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。这种用法在****惯句型中常用。
1)It is no use/ good / useless + doing…
2)It is a waste of time+doing …
3)It is fun+doing …
在以上两种结构中常用动名词作主语。
It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收)
There is no joking about the matter.
It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。
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2. 用作宾语
1)作动词的宾语某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有:advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, eed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, can’t stand, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。如: They went on walking and never stopped talking. 他们继续走,说个不停。I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。
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