文档介绍：阅读技巧讲座
(主旨大意题)
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如何做主旨大意题
做此类题目时,首先要搞清的是问某一段还是全文的大意,可利用文中主要信息来把握文脉,进行综合归纳,概括文章的主题。如有标题,标题中的蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。另外,任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的,因此,许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词,即高频词,也叫做主题词。抓住了它,便容易抓住文章的中心。
04年全国卷1(河南等)E篇中major出现过八次,尽管其词性、词义有所不同,但它就是关键词。<还有特例:见试题案例探究1>
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一、题型特点
这类试题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力,也包括分析归纳文章的段落大意、重要情节、人物特征、环境特点的能力。这种试题要求考生能把握文章的总体,并真正理解主题和中心句;要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法,难度较大,属于高层次题。
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二、题干表现形式:
1). 主题型主旨大意题的题干表现形式:
The main idea of the passage is…
The passage is mainly about…
The passage is mainly discusses…
Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
What is the passage mainly about?
2). 目的类主旨大意题
The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to …
The passage is meant to ….
The purpose of this article is to …
3). 标题类主旨大意题
The best title for the passage might be…
The best title for the passage would be
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三、应试技巧
一、主题句的特点
主题句所表达的意思具有概括性
句子结构简单明了, 作者一般不会采用长句或结构复杂的句子作为文章的主题句
文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释,说明,论证或扩展.
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应试技巧如何寻找主题句
People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they haven't eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast--foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink.
(1)主题句在段首。
一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头,其后的句子则是论证性细节。在论说文,科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。
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练中学
English is clearly an international language. It is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world. Over 70 percent of the world's radio programs are in English.
本段主题句为首句, 其后的内容均说明首句。
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Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes, “ It was seeing people with snakes bites that led me to the career. “ she said…
“ The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes. Shu said.
(2)首尾呼应为突出主题, 作者先提出主题, 结尾时再次点出主题, 这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见. 通