文档介绍：DE ECONOMIST 135, NR. 2, 1987
THE IMPACT OF POSITION OF EXPORTS ON EXPORT
PERFORMANCE
BY
S. BRAKMANAND . JEPMA*
I INTRODUCTION
The issue of what determines countries' export share in international trade has
bft6n been the subject of empirical analysis. Often such an analysis is carried
out by using simple single-equation models focussing on substitution of de-
mand. Common practise thereby is to concentrate on the calculation of the
elasticity of substitution between two exporters (usually the country concerned
and a group petitors) in a third market, simply by taking the quotient
of the export demand equations for the two exporters. In such a framework
competitiveness is crucially linked with relative prices.
Reality, however, is far plicated. The single-equation models there-
fore have been subject to severe criticism for their simplicity and the a priori
assumptions which have to be made. Most criticisms were of an econometric
nature (starting from Orcutt, 1950); however, theoretical doubts have been ex-
pressed as well. This resulted in some extensions of the model, . the introduc-
tion of supply factors, the incorporation of non-price factors, and the impac~
of the business cycle. A general weakness of the traditional trade models is still
lack of attention to the impact of the differences in position of the ex-
ports peting countries on their relative export performance. Nev-
ertheless Tyszynski (1951) did separate the impact of position of ex-
ports petitiveness on export performance; others followed, but the pre-
cise relationship between position of exports petitiveness
remained unclear. The major contribution to this issue has been made by Ooms
(1967), but received little attention. Also hardly any attention has been given
to the policy implications of the models.
The present paper tries to indicate how position of exports is related
to export performance, both directly and