文档介绍：上海交通大学硕士学位论文
微细液态添加剂光整电火花加工工艺研究
摘要
混粉电火花加工是获得高质量表面的一种新型方法。但在混粉电火
花加工中,粉末会沉积,从而影响加工效果。在实际应用中,需要采用
冲液搅拌等防止粉末沉淀的措施,这既增加储液箱设计制造难度、提高
了生产成本,又在一定程度上降低了加工效率。因此,寻求一种新的工
作液添加剂,使该添加剂能够在工作液中以微颗粒状稳定存在,不沉淀、
不析出,来代替硅、铝等粉末添加剂,对电火花精密加工将会有重大实
际意义。
在混粉电火花加工的基础上,提出在普通煤油工作液中添加微细液
态添加剂实现电火花镜面加工的方法。不同峰值电流、脉冲宽度、加工
极性、加工面积、精加工时间等加工条件下的实验表明,液相添加剂中
的加工稳定性和加工后的工件表面粗糙度均优于普通工作液。用面积
490mm2 的紫铜电极进行了普通工作液和微细液态添加剂混合工作液中加
工的对比实验,工件的表面粗糙度分别达到和 ,这
充分证明了微细液态添加剂降低表面粗糙度、实现光整加工的可行性。
在工艺试验的基础上,深入研究了液相添加剂的作用机理。通过测
试发现微细液态添加剂混合工作液中的炭黑能够长期稳定悬浮在工作液
中,炭黑颗粒平均直径为 1130nm,改善了工作液循环条件,提高加工过
程的稳定性。相关分析表明,炭黑可起到类似混粉颗粒的作用,达到降
低表面粗糙度的目的。
关键词:微细液态添加剂,电火花加工,光整加工技术,加工机理
第 I 页
上海交通大学硕士学位论文
RESEARCH ON MICROEMULISION MIXED EDM
FINISH MACHINING

ABSTRACT
Firstly, the basic theory of near-mirror-EDM is introduced. Methods to
achieve Near-mirror-EDM are analyzed according to the influence factors of
EDM. Then the processing properties of EDM are mended which
includes basic properties and technic indexes. The basic theories and
applications of new powder supply units, fuzzy control technology and
powder-mixed EDM (PMEDM).
Through summarizing the research results both at home and abroad, fine
surface finish machining based on microemulsion is proposed. Experiments
based on different peak current, pulse-on time, processing area and finish
machining time show microemulsion is effective to better surface roughness.
With traditional EDM and microemulsion mixed EDM, two planes of
490mm2 are gained, whose surface roughness are and
respectively. The results show microemulsion is feasible to improve the
surface roughness and the machining stability.
Finally, research on machining mechanism is done based on the
experiments and tests. The results reveal that black pigments can suspend in
the kerosene stably with the average diameter is 1130nm, which can improve
the circulation condition and the machining stability. At the meantime,