文档介绍：非谓语动词讲解
Nonfinite Verbs
非谓语动词
动名词
分词
现在分词
过去分词
动词不定式
:
概述:
2. 非谓语动词:
在句子中担任谓语的动词
是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分
一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
非谓语动词使用条件
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.
She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
1 The teachers sitting there are
from other schools.
表语
2 We saw some teachers sitting there.
宾语补足语
3 We need to be active in class.
宾语
谓语
宾语
主语
定语
连系动词
划分句子成分
非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.
动词不定式(The Infinitive)
一. 动词不定式的基本构成:
由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成
肯定式:to do sth 否定式:not to do sth.
被动式:to be done 完成式:to have done
二. 动词不定式的句法作用法
在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语定语、状语等成份。
动词不定式
To do that sort of thing is foolish。
I want to see you this evening
My dream is to e a doctor.
We found a house to live in.
She came here to study English.
I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation.
主语
宾语
表语
定语
状语
宾补
(1)作主语
不定式做主语时,可以直接放在谓语动词之前。
To see is to believe.
Not to get there in time is your fault.
注:常用it做形式主语,将to do放在位于之后,使句子保持平衡。
句型1:It + 谓语+ to do
It takes us an hour ___ get there by bus.
句型2:It’s + n. + to do
It’s our duty __ help the poor.
It is a great enjoyment __ spend our holiday in the mountains
句型3:It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.
It is + adj + for sb to do sth
It is + adj + of sb to do sth
(是形容人的品质的)
(是形容事物的性质的)
It is easy for me to finish this work before ten.
It is a great honor for us to be present at your
birthday party.
It is very kind of you to give me some help.
It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.
=You are very kind to give me some help.
=you are impolite to speak to the teacher like that.
常见动词有:
口诀:想要决定同意,希望许诺选择
want, decide, hope, agree, choose, wish, need ,promise
(2)作宾语
I want to know this matter.
like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, prefer, forget, mean, prepare, pretend, continue, start, afford, hate等
I don’t expec