文档介绍：耳鼻咽喉科学
Introduction
The tasks of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology (ORL)
Study:ORL and esophagus, trachea and bronchi—anatomy, physiology and diseases
1、The function & features ans in ORL
Special function:audition, olfaction, sense of taste, balance
Physiologic function:respiratory function,phonatory function and deglutitory function,immune defensive function.
Ordinary diseases:otitis media, rhinitis and sinusitis, pharyngitis and tonsillitis, laryngitis, deafness.
Emergency cases:foreign body, traumatism, hematorrhea, laryngeal obstruction …
Tumor:carcinoma of nasopharynx, carcinoma of larynx, carcinoma of rhinosinus, carcinoma of middle ear...
2、Relationship with ans
Nose—orbit, anterior cranial fossa, sellar area, oral cavity
Ear—middle and posterior skull base, clivus, rhinopharynx
Pharynx and larynx—oral cavity, rhinopharynx, trachea and bronchi, esophagus, obstructive sleep apnea syndrom(OSA)
Infective focus—rheumatic fever, arthritis, cardiac disorder, nephritis…
3、Development of otorhinolaryngology:
CT, MRI, microscope, endoscope, navigation system,
head neck surgery, otoneurosurgery, skull base surgery, rhinoneurosurgery.…..
The educational aims of otorhinolaryngology
Aims:Methods of examination for ORL,diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the diseases in ORL.
Anatomy of the nose
External nose
Nasal cavity and sinuses
Nasal cavity---nasal vestibule,nasal fossa proper;
Nasal septum(septal cartilage, vomer, perpendicular plate),
Lateral wall of the nose: turbinate, meatus, olfactory sulcus
inferior turbinate & inferior meatus(下鼻甲、下鼻道)
middle turbinate & middle meatus (中鼻甲、中鼻道)
superior turbinate & superior meatus(上鼻甲、上鼻道)