文档介绍：Solar aspects of papers
CHAPTER
3
SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANTS: FROM ENDANGERD SPECIES TO BULK POWER PRODUCTION IN SUN BELT Regions
Manuel Romero and José González-Aguilar
INTRODUCTION
Solar thermal power plants, due to their capacity for large-scale generation of electricity and the possible integration of thermal storage devices and hybridization with backup fossil fuels, are meant to supply a significant part of the demand in the countries of the solar belt [1] . Nowadays, the high temperature thermal conversion of concentrated solar energy is rapidly increasing. with mercial projects taken up in Spain, USA and other countries such as India, China, Israel, Australia, Algeria and Italy. This is the most promising technology to follow the pathway of wind energy in order to reach the goals for renewable energy implementation in 2020 and 2050.
Spain with 2,400 MW connected to the grid in 2013 is taking the lead on mercial developments, together with USA where a target of 4,500 MW for the same year has been fixed and other relevant programs like the “Solar Mission” in India recently approved and going for 22 GW-solar, with a large fraction of thermal [2] .
Solar Thermal Electricity or STE (also known as CSP or Concentrating Solar Power) is expected to impact enormously on the world’s bulk power supply by the middle of the century. Only in Southern Europe, the technical potential of STE is estimated at 2,000 TWh (annual electricity production) and in Northern Africa it is immense [3] . Worldwide, the exploitation of less than 1% of the total solar thermal power plant potential would be enough to meet the mendations of the United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for long-term climate stabilization [4] One MW of installed concentrating solar thermal power avoids 688 tons of pared to bined Cycle conventional plant and 1,360 tons of pared to a conventional coal/steam plant. A 1-m2 mirror in the primary solar field produces 400 kWh of electricity