文档介绍：轻型载货汽车设计(底盘设计)
摘要
本次设计的对象是轻型卡车的总体设计,要求该车有良好的动力性和经济性。总体设计的目的是将各分总成协调地组装在一起,避免各总成之间出现干涉现象,从而实现汽车总成的运动准确性及行驶平顺性。驾驶室总成设计要满足客户对舒适性的要求;货厢总成要有足够的尺寸来保证额定装载质量,但也要考虑汽车的最小转弯半径及机动性;底盘总成要避免转向纵拉杆和前悬架钢板弹簧的干涉,保证各总成固定的刚度,使之在行驶中不产生共振。
设计中做了以下工作:总体布置,其中包括汽车主要技术参数的确定,发动机和轮胎的选择等;稳定性的计算,涉及纵向、横向行驶稳定性的计算,最小转向半径的计算等;汽车的动力性计算,包括各挡车速的计算,爬坡度的计算,加速性能的计算,驱动力和行驶阻力的平衡,功率的平衡;汽车燃油经济性的计算。
综合分析、计算、验证得知,本次设计基本满足了设计任务书的要求。
关键字:货车,底盘,总体布置,转向纵拉杆,前悬架,驱动力
THE OVERALL DESIGN OF LIGHT TRUCK
ABSTRACT
This light truck must have adequate hauling power and high working efficiency. The purpose of the overall design is to coordinate the subassemblies got together to avoid interfering between them. And then making the truck’s movement is veracity, and to ensure the fort. The design of the cab must make the driver fortable. The pay cube should be big enough to fulfill the rating carrying ability, but we have to consider the tightest turning radius and flexibility as well. There shouldn’t be interfere among steering drag rod and road spring of front suspension in the chassis. The subassemblies must be fixed to the chassis firmly to prevent syntony in the driving.
Main work is as following in this design: the General arrangement, including selecting the main technology parameters, the engine, the tires and so on; the Calculating of Stability , involving portrait stability and landscape orientation stability while driving, the tightest turning radius; the Power performance calculation, including the calculating of speeds on all gear ratios, gradability, acceleration characteristic, the balance between driving force and running resistance, as well as the power; the Calculation of Fuel Economy.
Through the generalized analysis, computation, confirmation, we confirm that this design has on the whole satisfied the description requirements.
KEY WORDS: Truck, Chassis, General arrangement plan, Steering drag rod
, Front suspension, Driving force
常用符号表
—轮胎与地面间的附着力
—汽车重力
—重力加速度
—汽车质心高度
—汽车轴距
—汽车总重量
—车轮有效半径
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