文档介绍：Chapter 1 Software and Software Engineering 软件和软件工程
Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 6th edition
by Roger S. Pressman
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软件定义
一组配置
计算机程序(指令集合)
数据结构
文档
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工程的定义
大的、复杂的事情
施工的过程
一类学科
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意外法则
50年前没有人会想到
软件是商业、科学、工程的必须技术
软件可以嵌入到任何系统中
软件需要维护且维护量大
……
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软件的本质
双重作用
产品
产品交付载体
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Software’s Dual Role
Software is a product
Transforms(转换) information - produces, manages, acquires(获取), modifies, displays, or transmits(传输) information
puting potential(潜力) of hardware works
Software is a vehicle for delivering a product
Controls other programs (operating system)
munications (networking software)
Helps build other software (software tools & environments)
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软件开发人员面临的问题
软件为什么需要如此长的开发时间?
为什么开发成本居高不下?
为什么在交付之前无法找到错误?
为什么维护需要高昂的时间和人力代价?
为什么开发和维护过程难以度量?
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Software Applications
system software
application software
engineering/scientific software
embedded software
product-line software
web applications
AI software
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Hardware vs. Software
Hardware
Software
Manufactured
Wears out
Built ponents
Relatively simple
Developed/engineered
Deteriorates
Custom built
Complex
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Manufacturing vs. Development
Once a hardware product has been manufactured, it is difficult or impossible to modify. In contrast, software products are routinely modified and upgraded.
In hardware, hiring more people allows you to plish more work, but the same does not necessarily hold true in software engineering.
Unlike hardware, software costs are concentrated in design rather than production.
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