文档介绍：浙江农业学报 Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis 22(2):263~268,2010
大型底栖动物的生物干扰对沉积环境影响的研究进展
孙思志,郑忠明
(宁波大学应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,浙江宁波 315211)
摘
要:沉积物是水体中营养盐的重要蓄积库或释放源,在水生生态系统中具有重要地位。大型底栖动物由于
栖息在水体沉积物表面或中间,其摄食、排泄、挖洞或建立管状洞穴结构等途经会改变底质的间隙率、表面组
成、沉积能力以及底质中微生物的数量和群落结构,刺激硝化作用和反硝化作用,进而影响沉积物中营养盐通
量。本文结合国内外的文献资料阐述了大型底栖动物的生物干扰对沉积物物理结构的影响、对底泥中微生物
群落结构的影响、对沉积物硝化、反硝化作用的影响以及对沉积物中有机物稳定性的影响;介绍了大型底栖动
物对沉积物—水界面营养盐通量的影响的研究现状、测定和计算方法, 以期更好地预测生物干扰作用对沉积
物生物地球化学作用的影响。
关键词:沉积物;水生生态系统;大型底栖动物;微生物;营养盐通量
中图分类号:S +5;X 174
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1004-1524(2010)02-0263-06
Effect of benthic macro鄄invertebrate bioturbation on sediment environment:a
review
SUN Si鄄zhi, ZHENG Zhong鄄ming
(Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology,Ministry of Education,Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211,China)
Abstract:Sediment is a very important treasury stock or releasing source of nutrients in water column,playing a
significant role in aquatic ecosystems. The behavior of benthic macro鄄invertebrate,such as feeding,excretion,bur鄄
rows,biogenic structure building and so on,could change the clearance rate of sediment,position,ability
of deposition,microbial quantity munities in sediment because of the living benthic macro鄄invertebrate on
the surface or in the middle of sediment;moreover,the process of nitrification and denitrification was stimulated,and
the sediment nutrient fluxes were consequently affected. On the basis of a large number of documents at home and
abroad,the influence of benthic macro鄄invertebrate bioturbation on the physical structure of sediments,microbial
communities,nitrification and denitrification,stability anic matter in sedimentsit was elaborated;and the re鄄
search status of the effect of benthic macro鄄invertebrate on nutrient fluxes in sediment鄄water interface,methods of
determination and calculation were introduced,in order to provide a better prediction of bioturbation effects on sed鄄
iment biogeochemistry.
Key words:sediment;aquatic ecosystems;benthic macro鄄invertebrate;micr