文档介绍：摘要
青贮技术是保证常年均衡供应青绿多汁饲料的有效措施,青贮能有效地防止蛋白质和维生素等营养成分流失。青贮过程中,由于乳酸菌的作用,使菌体蛋白质含量增加20%~30%,营养提高30%~35%。由于饲草青贮后变软,易于消化,增进食欲,提高了采食量,增加了饲草的适口性和营养性,贮藏时间长( 可在野外堆放保存1~2a) ,缓解了由于生产迅速发展带来的饲料供应紧张等现状。
草捆需用专门青贮塑料拉伸薄膜包裹打包,这样将使其处于一个最佳的密封发酵环境。经 21-42d,最终完成自然无氧乳酸型发酵的生物化学过程。
打包贮藏时,含水量的掌握要适宜,有利于草捆的压实,同时也有利于饲草渗出碳水化合物( 主要是糖分) 变成乳酸为主的有机酸。由于采用厌氧发酵技术,所以包膜打包是过程中最关键的环节,应尽量排除空气和创造适宜的温度。
圆草捆缠绕式青贮与其他青贮方法比较,由于塑料膜紧贴圆草捆上,内部残留空气更少,有利于厌氧发酵圆草捆包膜机的设计不但充分利用了自然资源,机械化程度高,加工速度快,草捆可长时间贮存,而且便于移动或运输。本设计将为圆草捆缠绕式青贮技术的应用与推广提供广阔的空间,与其相应的机械设备也将得到更好的开发和利用该机械的应用不仅简化了饲草青贮加工工艺和操作技术,而且极大地降低了畜牧养殖成本,提高饲草使用的可靠性和利用率,对三贮一化技术的推广应用以及畜牧业发展都有特别重要的意义。
关键词:青饲料;贮存工艺;草捆;打包机
Abstract
Silage technology is to ensure balanced and effective measures of perennial supply green juicy feed, silage can effectively prevent the loss of protein and vitamins and other nutrients. The ensiling process, due to the role of lactic acid bacteria, the protein content increased 20%~30%, improved nutrition 30%~35%. The forage grass silage e soft, easy digestion, increase appetite, improve the feed intake, increase forage grass palatability and nutritive, long storage time (can be stacked to save 1~2a in the wild), due to the rapid development of production to ease the tension of the feed supply situation.
Bale silage with special plastic tensile film wrapping packaging, this will result in an optimal sealing fermentation environment. Through 21-42d, plete the biochemical process of natural anaerobic lactic acid type fermentation.
Packing and storage time, moisture content control to fit, compacted to bale, simultaneously is also advantageous to the forage exudation carbohydrates (sugar) into lactic acid anic acid. Due to the adoption of anaerobic fermentation technology, so the envelope packing is the most key link in the process, should be excluded from the air and create a suitable temperature.
Comparison with other methods of silage of silage round bale wrapping, because the plastic film tightly round bale, residual air less, beneficial to the d