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本科生毕业设计(论文)
论文题目:单片机模糊自整定PID控制系统设计
姓名:
学院: 电气工程及自动化学院
专业: 自动化
班级、学号:
指导教师:
江苏师范大学教务处印制
摘要
传统PID的控制原理较为简单,使用也较方便,鲁棒性强,在被控对象的数学模型较精确时也可使用,因而长期以来被广泛地应用于工业过程控制中,并且取得了良好的控制效果。就目前最新的过程控制计算机,其基本控制方式也仍然是PID控制。但对于时变、高阶、非线性等复杂工业过程而言,传统的PID控制通常达不到理想的控制效果。而模糊控制器,由于其具有更强的鲁棒性,对于工业过程通常有更好的控制效果,最近几年来,模糊PID控制器因其具有结构相对简单、可解析等优点,在工业设计界得到了非常广泛的应用。因此,模糊控制器的调整方法在模糊PID控制器的工业应用推广中具有重要意义。其调整思路是将成熟的PID自整定的理论扩展到模糊PID控制器调整中。其过程是:首先采用传统的系统识别方法来识别受控对象,得到模型低阶的时滞过程,基于此模型再来整定模糊PID参数。模糊PID控制器的原始模型是不容易直接进行参数调整的,而是进一步推导原始模型得到一个新的分析模型,该模型包括线性与非线性部分,并最终把非线性部分作为一个过程的干扰来分析,模糊自整定PID参数将被转换为一个线性PID参数来整定。
本文研究了一种基于51单片机的模糊自整定PID控制系统,针对控制对象,制定Fuzzy控制规则,采用MATLAB仿真软件实现模糊控制的PID参数的自整定,结合硬件及软件设计,该设计效果可以提高系统的实时性,响应速度,稳定性。
关键词: PID控制模糊控制单片机
Abstract
Traditional PID control principle is relatively simple, more convenient to use, robustness, and can also be used in the mathematical model of the urate controlled object, and thus it has been widely used in industrial process control, and has made good control effect. As for the latest process puter, its basic control method is PID control. However, for high-end, time-varying, nonlinear, complex industrial processes, the traditional PID control usually can not reach to the desired control. But for the fuzzy controller, due to its advantages of robustness, it has better control effect for industrial processes. In recent years, fuzzy PID controller has been more widely used in industry because of its relatively simple structure. Therefore, the method of fuzzy controller is of great significance for the promotion of industrial applications of fuzzy PID controllers. Tuning idea is mature PID self-tuning theory extended to the fuzzy PID controller tuning. The process is that taking the first conventional system identification methods into identifying the controlled object to get the process of low-end model with delay, and then to rectify the fuzzy PID parameters based on the model. The original model of fuzzy PID controller is not easy to direc