文档介绍：摘要
摘要
本文主要研究合成孔径雷达(SAR)地面动目标尤其是慢速运动目标的检测
和在 SAR 图像上定位的技术。动目标检测是 SAR 的重要研究领域,目前各国都在
大力发展动目标检测和定位系统,寻求各种高效的动目标检测和定位方法。本文
首先介绍了 SAR 的发展概况,通过对 SAR 的成像原理和静止目标模型进行分析得
到了运动目标回波模型,并对目标运动对雷达回波和成像过程的影响进行了讨论。
然后深入研究了两种典型的多通道 SAR 动目标检测方法——相位中心偏置天线
(DPCA)技术和沿迹干涉(ATI)处理方法,在此基础上提出了一种结合 DPCA
和干涉技术的在复图像域实现的机载三天线 SAR 动目标检测方法,推导了干涉相
位及径向速度的公式,这样便可以由测出的干涉相位对动目标运动参数进行精确
估计。该方法不依赖惯导数据,不要求系统参数满足 DPCA 条件。在不满足 DPCA
条件时,采用在多普勒频域乘以线性相位的方法来实现平动补偿。同时,该方法
步骤简单,运算量小,易于在工程上实现。
关键词:合成孔径雷达动目标检测和定位多通道相位中心偏置天线
(DPCA) 沿迹干涉(ATI)
Abstract
Abstract
This dissertation studies Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) moving targets detection
and relocation especially slow targets. Moving targets detection is a hot topic in the area
of SAR,so many countries in the world are making great efforts to develop moving
targets detection and relocation systems and explore high efficient moving targets
detection and relocation algorithms. The history and the development of SAR are
reviewed first. With the analysis of SAR imaging principle and SAR reflection model
for still target,SAR reflection model for moving target is obtained. And the dissertation
discusses the effect of moving target on echoes and imaging. This dissertation studies
thoroughly two typical methods of multi-channel SAR moving targets
detection--Displaced Phase Center Antenna(DPCA) and Along-Track Interferometry
(ATI). This dissertation proposes a new method of SAR moving targets detection in
complex image bining DPCA with interferometric processing after studying
DPCA and interferometric processing technique. The formula of interferometric phase
and radial velocity is derived. The radial velocity and real azimuth position of the
moving targets that are masked by ground clutter can be accurately determined using
the interferometric phase. This method is independent of IMU and needn’t strictly
satisfy the constraint of DPCA. When the DPCA condition is not satisfied,the error of
sampling position can p