文档介绍：Medical Immunology
A lecture for five year system
medical students
Professor:Zhang Ran 张冉
Presented by Medical College,
Hunan Normal University
Section 1: Basic Concepts and Functions of Immune System
一、Immune and Immunity(免疫与免疫学):
免除税赋,免除差役
immunitas(Latin)
免于疫患,免除瘟疫
immunity
derived from immunitas
Historically, immunity meant protection from disease and, more specifically, infectious disease.
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The Modern Concept of Immune
Immune means all biological process and effects that anisms recognise and respond to “self” and “non-self”.
免疫是生物机体对“自己”和“异己(非己)”物质识别(recognition)、应答(response)过程中所产生的生物学效应的总和。
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Immunology(免疫学)
A independent subject that position and function of immune system(研究机体免疫系统结构和功能的独立学科);
Composition or structure--anatomia(解剖学)--immune system;function--physiology--immune response.
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ponents and Functions of
The Immune System(IS)
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Coponents of the Immune System
ans and tissues:
bone marrow/ thymus/ spleen/ lymph nodes/mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
Immune cells:
T, B lymphocytes/ natural killer cell(NK)/ monocytes/ macrophages(M)/ dendritic cells(DC)/ granulocytes/ hematopoietic stem cells(HSC)
Immune molecules:
antibody(Ab)/ complements/ cytokines(CK)/ cell adhesion molecules(CAM)/ MHC/ CD/ TCR/ BCR
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Functions of The Immune System
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Functions of The Immune System
immune defense(免疫防御)
immune surveillance(免疫监视)
immune homeostasis(免疫自稳)
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三、Types of Immune Response
Immune Response(IR): the entire process of the recognition and eliminate antigens by the immune system;
Two types:
natural(天然)/innate(固有)/non-specific(非特异) immunity
acquired(获得性)/adaptive(适应性)/specific(特异) immunity
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1、Innate immunity
个体在长期种系发育和进化过程中逐渐形成的防御功能,乃经遗传而获得,而并非针对特定抗原,属天然免疫。
Inborn immunity that is already present the first time a pathogen is encountered; it does not require prior exposure to the pathogen over the life of a individual.
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