5句法分析.pdf

文档介绍：心理语言学:句法学与句子处理(一)
;
2005年2月15日
Ted Gibson
句子练习
1. Fred borrowed some money from Maria on Tuesday.
2. The apple which Mary found on the ground contained
a worm.
3. The book was given to Mary by the teacher.
4. The woman who the book was given to was happy.
5. 英语-日语:
Mary told John that Bill found some money at the game.
今天的讲座
1. 句法学:表征问题:
1) 有限状态转移网络?
2) 树形图?
3) 空语类?
句法学:表征问题
是否能够利用有限状态转移网络(FSTNs)而不是
无语境的语法(CFGs)模拟句法?也就是说,我
们是否能够用一个大的复杂规则模拟句法而不是用
一套小规则?
有限状态转移网络(FSTNs):
一套状态
一套允许的从一种状态到另一种状态的转移
一小套开始状态
一小套最终状态
有限状态转移网络(FSTNs):
目标:能够接受以下一组含有不及物动词
的句子的状态网络:
The dog ran.
The boy slept.
The big tall girl walked.
The large green ugly snake moved.
有限状态转移网络(FSTNs):
Det→the
N→dog, boy, girl, snake
Adj→big, large, tall, ugly, green
V-intrans→walked, ran, slept, moved
有限状态转移网络(FSTNs):
现在加入状态,以便使含有及物动词的句
子能被识别:
The dog saw the girl.
The boy bought the dog.
The big tall girl found the large green ugly
snake.
有限状态转移网络(FSTNs):
V-trans→bought, saw, found
有限状态转移网络(FSTNs):
现在加入状态,以便使含有句子(S)补语
的句子能被识别:
The girl thought that the boy bought the dog.
The large boy said that the big tall girl found
the large green ugly snake.
有限状态转移网络(FSTNs):
p→said, thought