文档介绍：摘要
随着我国各行业不断地发展,能源问题在我国日渐突出,而且近期内无法根本解决,节能工作相当艰巨。在现代工厂企业、办公大楼、商厦、酒店等环境中,中央空调系统是不可缺少的,它虽然能给人们提供一个舒适的环境,但是耗电量也相当大。因此,在人们日益重视环保与节能的今天,中央空调的节能问题这是人们所期待要解决的关键技术问题。
中央空调系统除主机的耗能。冷冻、冷却水泵是第二大耗能设备,由于冷冻泵、冷却泵的配置是按夏季最大流量(在此基础上还要放大余量)来确定的,而实际使用中由于气候情况,客观流量活动内容等各种因素的变化,所需负荷的不断变化(负荷极少达到最大值)。因此为使中央空调系统温度稳定,需要按工况变化对冷冻、冷却泵进行调节,这就需要有较好的自动控制模块。
本文阐述了中央空调系统自动化控制和节能设计的一些基本思路和方法,并介绍了交流电动机变频调速的特点及节能原理,还介绍了西门子S7-200主要功能模块及应用,PID算法在变频调速系统中的应用,并对系统的主回路和控制回路的硬件部分进行了详细介绍。本文主要是对空调出口温度进行检测,采用变频器调节中央空调的转速,使其高效运行,达到节能的目的。
整个系统采用模块化设计,CPU主模块是采用CPU226,模拟量扩展模块采用EM231,可根据需要灵活配置各模件数量。通过软件设计完成中央空调所需的参数设置和控制要求,系统软件由主程序、初始化程序、模拟量检测程序组成,通过调用子程序来完成系统的数据采集、模拟量检测等功能。
关键词: 中央空调; 变频调速技术; PLC; PID
Abstract
As every profession and trade of our country is being developed constantly, the energy question is outstanding day by day in our country, and unable to solve at all in the near future, the energy conservation is quite arduous. In such environments as the enterprise, office block,
commercial building, hotel of modern factory, etc, the central air conditioner system is dispensable, though it can provide fortable environment for people, but the power consumption is quite large. So paying attention to environmental protection and energy-conserving today day by day people, energy-conserving problem of the central air conditioner is a key technology problem to solve.
Besides dissipation energy of the puter, central air conditioner system also has the second largest consume energy equipment, such as air blower, freeze and cool water pump. Based on the large flow of summer, the disposition of air blower, freeze and cool water pump are determined (sets the margin on this basis). Because of the climate situation while using actually, such changes of different factors as objective flow activity content, etc. Constant change of necessary load (load seldom reaches the maximum). In order to make the systematic temperature of central air conditioner steady, the air blower, freeze and cool water pump are changed by