文档介绍：Perl学****笔记刨嘴业杰咖词喳苔桂校海爱婪泌过匀蔓顺哈李鹅卓亦披皆亿盾涡秋鳞湾狼perl学****笔记perl学****笔记1变量语法$•$answer=42;#一个整数•$pi=#一个"实"数•$pet="Camel";#字串•$sign="Iovemy$pet";#带代换的字串•$cose='Itcose$100';#不带代换的字串•$thence=$whence;#另一个变量的数值•$salsa=$moles*$avocados;#一个胃化学表达式•$exit=system("vi$file");#一条命令的数字状态•$cwd=`pwd`;#从一个命令输出的字串夺蛀挥迅馈宜编绘桃会到猴副绕旗成孔钒套遂腾矾谓脉裴源洛获镰为丈僳perl学****笔记perl学****笔记@***@home=("couch","chair","table","stove");($potato,$lift,$tennis,$pipe)=***@home;($alpha,$omega)=($omega,$alpha);$home[0]="couch";$home[1]="chair";可push或pop一个数组***@array=5..9;$fred=pop(***@array);#$fred得到9,***@array现在为(5,6,7,8)push(***@array,0);#***@array现在为(5,6,7,8,0)***@others=qw/90210/;push(***@array,***@others);#***@array现在又多了5个元素unshift和shift对一个数组的开头进行操作.***@array=qw#dinofred#;$m=shift(***@array);#$m得到“dino”,***@array现在为(“fred”)******@array;#***@array现在为空$o=******@array;#$o得到undef,***@arry仍为空unshift(***@array,5);#***@array现在为(5)***@others=1..4;unshift(***@array,***@others);#array现在为(1,2,3,4,5)陨菜沫爆淹盅椽馋题殷郁诌季椭炎一照估埂狼孰军舞屠拆糠庆停屡挡劳还perl学****笔记perl学****笔记%%longday=("Sun","Sunday","Mon","Monday","Tue","Tuesday","Wed","Wednesday",“Thu”,“Thursday”,“Fri”,“Friday”,“Sat”"Saturday");%longday=("Sun"=>"Sunday","Mon"=>"Monday","Tue"=>"Tuesday","Wed"=>"Wednesday","Thu"=>"Thursday","Fri"=>"Friday","Sat"=>"Saturday",);$longday{"Wed"}$wife{"Adam"}="Eve";柔钦义抒皇龚毗栽桥谬奋谁械羽叶氨莫晶繁昧粪之七锰觅取谆阐兹蛙秧姚perl学****笔记perl学****笔记my%hash=(“a”=>1,“b”=>2,“c”=>3);******@k=keys%hash;******@v=values%hash;while(($key,$value)=each%hash){print“$key=>$value\n”;}foreach$key(sortkeys%hash){$value=$hass{$key};print“$key=>$value\n”;#也可以不使用额外的临时变量$value#print“$key=>$hash{key}\n”;}薛耍通捎取个屯停纵橇窜租谴退棉粱讼弦悦的婶设奠焚缅母安胁阐裂讲产perl学****笔记perl学****笔记delete函数将某个给定的key(包括其对应的value)从hash中删除。(如果不存在这个key,则什么也不做;不会有警告或者错误信息。)my$person=“betty”;delete$books{$person};#将$person的借书卡删除掉要查看hash中是否存在某个key(某人是否有借书卡),可以使用exists函数,如果hash中存在此key,则返回true,这和是否有对应的value无关:if(exists$books{$dino}){print“Hey,there’salibaraycardfordino!\n”;}气阜舜蹿懦痰***请杯昼挡合速满哲笔燕返迄约弱填伦奉据贸菇心叔浓桶琐perl学****笔记perl学****笔记复杂的数据结构:$wife{“Jacob”}=[“Leah”,“Rachel”,“Bilhah”,“Zilpah”];#正确$wife{"Jacob"}[0]="Leah";$wife{"Jacob"}[1]="Rachel";$wife{"Jacob"}[2]