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摘要
涡轮减速器箱体类零件是机器及其部件的基础件,它将机器及其部件中的轴、轴承、套和齿轮等零件按一定的相互位置关系装配成一个整体,并按预定传动关系协调其运动。因此,涡轮减速器箱体的加工质量不仅影响其装配精度及运动精度,而且影响到机器的工作精度、使用性能和寿命。其主要特点:形状复杂、壁薄且不均匀,内部呈腔形,加工部位多,加工难度大,既有精度要求较高的孔系和平面,也有许多精度要求较低的紧固孔。因此,一般中型机床制造厂用于涡轮减速器箱体类零件的机械加工劳动量约占整个产品加工量的15%~20%。
对工件进行机械加工时,为了保证加工要求,首先要使工件相对于机床有正确的位置,并使这个位置在加工过程中不因外力的影响而变动。为此,在进行机械加工前,先要将工件装夹好。用夹具装夹工件时,工件相对于道具及机床的位置精度由夹具保证,不受工人技术水平的影响,使一批工件的加工极度趋于一致,稳定的保证工件的加工精度。同时使用夹具装夹工件方便、快捷,工件不需要划线找正,可显著的减少辅助工时,提高劳动生产率;工件在夹具中装夹后提高了工件的刚性,因此可加大切屑用量,提高劳动生产率;可使用多件、多工位装夹工件的夹具,并可采用高效夹紧机构,进一步提高劳动生产率。在批量生产中使用夹具后,由于劳动生产率的提高、使用技术等级较低的工人以及废品率下降等原因,明显得降低了生产成本。夹具制造成本分摊在一批工件上。每个工件增加的成本时极少的,远远小于由于提高劳动生产率而降低的成本。工件批量愈大,使用夹具所取得的经济效益就愈显著。
关键词:涡轮减速器箱体类零件,夹具,
ABSTRACT
A part of the container kind is the basic matter of a machine and a part. That will choose an axis in the machine and the part, a bearing and a part of a cover and a gear as related assembly in the fixed mutual location, and is 1 of whole. It's transmitted by a schedule, and it's related to the movement of harmonization. Therefore the quality of the processing of a container doesn't just influence its precision of the assembly and precision of the movement and moreover influences the precision of the mechanical work, and the performance and the lifetime are used. Its main feature: The shape plicated, a wall, it's thin and, I don't balance and present the interior with the shape of the accent, and there are a lot of parts of processing, and though the difficulty level of the processing finds a plane with a department in the hole where it's big and highly precise in the percentage, and is low in the percentage likewise, there is precision of much I ask to tighten a hole up. Therefore a manufacturing factory in a medium turnery is usually used for Labor of mechanical processing of a part of the container kind, and it accounts for 15%~20% of the processing amount of the whole product approx