文档介绍：Qualified Partner Program
Basics – how to make a optical fiber
Felice Guarna, Training Program Manager
Mechelen, January 2006
General
y Materials are the heart of optical fibers.
y Without ultra-transparent material, fiber munications would be
impractical.
Jan. 2006
Fiber material and manufacture/ Page 2
FIBER our subject
Coating Core/Cladding
Cladding
Core Size Material
9 /125 Si/Si
50 /125 Si/Si
Si/Si
980/1000 PMMA
200/300 Si/Polymer
Jan. 2006
Fiber material and manufacture/ Page 3
Fiber
Fiber optic is working with total reflection and therefore 2 materials with different
density/refractive index are necessary:
pure
homogeneous refractive index within core
Core (light transmission)
Cladding (light guiding)
How do to get now . a 9µm core in a 125µm Cladding?
Jan. 2006
Fiber material and manufacture/ Page 4
Manufacturing process for a preform
Preform manufacturing process
VAD 1985
Vapor Axial Deposition
NTT
OVD
Outside Vapor Deposition 1982
Corning
MCVD
Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition 1979
Lucent Technologies
PCVD
Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition
Plasma Optical Fiber (POF)
Jan. 2006
Fiber material and manufacture/ Page 5
The “chemical process”
Vapor Phase Reaction:
In Fibre Cladding:
1600°
SiCl4 + O2 SiO2 + 2Cl2
In Fibre Core:
1600°
SiCl4 + GeCl4 + 2O2 SiO2 + GeO2 + 4Cl2
Jan. 2006
Fiber material and manufacture/ Page 6
MCVD Process
Silica Tube
SiCl4
GeCl4 Burner
BCl3
O2
H2 O2
Jan. 2006
Fiber material and manufacture/ Page 7
MCVD Process principle
pulse distortion
SiCl4 + GeCl4
+ O2
Refractive Index
Internal build-up
Refractive Index
After collapse
Jan. 2006
Fiber material and manufacture/ Page 8
OVD Process
H2 SiCl
O2 4
O2
GeCl4
SiF
Jan. 2006 4
Fiber material and manufacture/ Page 9
OVD Process Principle
no pulse distortion
1600°
SiO2 + GeO2
SiO2
SiO2 + GeO2
1600°
SiCl4 O2
GeCl4 H2 Ref