文档介绍：摘要
本文以草甸草原不同经营方式的生产单位(牧户)为对象,分析了草地群落特征、
土壤化学性质和牧草消化率对不同经营方式的响应,以及家畜的牧食行为,主要研究
内容和结果如下:
1 群落植物盖度集体经营>个体经营;羊草高度对照 1>集体经营>个体经营;对
照 2>较大规模经营、较小规模经营。
2 个体经营的 Odum、Margalef 丰富度指数和 Monk 指数最低,集体经营、对照
多样性指数没有显著差异;Margalef 丰富度指数与 Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数相关
系数个体经营>集体经营>对照 1(>>),较小规模经营> 较大规模
经营> 对照 2(>>)。
3 对照 1 的地上现存量显著高于集体经营和个体经营,对照 2 显著高于较大规
模经营和较小规模经营。
4 不同经营方式草地的土样全钾含量最高,速效磷含量最低,全磷含量高于速
效磷。
5 不同经营方式三河牛消化率为 左右,且与群落多样性、主要物种存在线
性关系。
6 三河牛干物质采食量在 - 之间,三河牛对植物的选择性指数大于
1 的植物有 11 种,三河牛每天有 7-8 个活动周期。
关键字:草甸草原;经营方式;集体经营;三河牛;消化率
The Effection on Grassland’munity Characteristics and Grass’
Digestibility by the Management of Grazing Land
Abstract
This paper Based on the meadow steppe different running modes of production units
(households) as the object of study on grazing ecosystem, has carried on the analysis from
three aspects of soil - vegetation and livestock, the main research contents and results are
as follows:
1 munity coverage of CG higher than IG’; The sort order of Chinese
wildrye’s high is CK1 >CG >IG, CK2 >LG >SG.
2 The IG’s diversity indexes are lowest, which contents Odum and Margale, Monk.
There is no significant difference between CG and IG . The order of correlation coefficient
is IG >CG > CK1, SG > LG > CK 2 that which between Margalef and Shannon-Wiener .
3 CK1 of the biomass on the ground is significantly higher than CG, IG, CK2 is
significantly higher than LG, SG.
4 Under the different mode of operation, the total potassium content of grassland
soil is the highest. Available p content is lowest. Total phosphorus content is higher than
the available phosphorus.
5 Sanhe cattle's digestion rate are higher than . The digestive rate of IG and LG,
SG had a linear relationship with munity diversity and main species.
6 The dry matter intake of Sanhe cattle is between - . The plants is 11
kinds which select index greater t