文档介绍：湖南大学
硕士学位论文
电力变压器的损耗研究与优化设计
姓名:张安红
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:电气工程
指导教师:周有庆;张锡秦
20051010
工程硕士学位论文
摘要
本文针对影响电力变压器制造和运行成本较高的损耗问题,在查阅了大量文
献资料的基础上对其进行了全面、深入的研究,取得了一些具有理论意义和工程
实用价值的成果。
,就空载损耗附加系数、单位损耗、重量等进行
数据对比分析,统计出空载损耗附加系数,讨论影响空载损耗附加系数的各种因
素,提出降低空载损耗的具体措施。
,就影响变压器安全运行、造成变压器局部过
热的因素,绕组涡流损耗、结构件杂散损耗等进行详细分析,提出降低涡流损耗、
杂散损耗的具体措施。有效提高变压器的可靠性和经济性,使其更节能更环保。
,以 180MVA/220kV 电力变压器负载损耗超标为例,
进行详细分析,提出有工程实用价值的结论:降低变压器负载损耗,从根本上应
尽可能减少变压器辐向漏磁。既可以有效地降低变压器的涡流损耗、杂散损耗,
又能够减小局部过热对变压器造成的潜在危害,同时还能有效地减小短路电动力,
较大程度地提高变压器的可靠性和经济性。文中对如何降低辐向漏磁做了系统论
述。
,以 150MVA/220kV 高阻抗变压器漏磁场分析
为例,通过设计、试验数据对比,用漏磁场分析软件就短路阻抗、绕组涡流损耗、
结构件杂散损耗和短路电动力等进行分析很有效,对提高该类高阻抗变压器的可
靠性和经济性具有一定借鉴意义;对该类高阻抗变压器,分别在箱盖、箱壁、箱
底采取完善屏蔽措施很有必要。
,建立优化设计模型,对比分析多种优化设计
方法的优缺点,选择全局优化方法用于变压器的电磁优化设计;编制、调试完成
35kV、110kV 级电力变压器电磁优化设计程序,应用于多台电力变压器优化设计,
具有工程实用价值。

关键词:变压器;空载损耗;负载损耗;短路阻抗;漏磁;涡流损耗;杂散损耗;
电磁优化设计

I
电力变压器的损耗研究与优化设计
Abstract
The main object of this research is concerned with the loss of power transformer,
which makes important effect on the cost of the manufacturing and operating. Based
on many literatures of China and foreign countries, comprehensive and thorough
research has been made. Some results in theories and practical engineering are given.
First, it studied no-load loss of power transformer. Three important parameters,
which are core technology coefficient, loss per kilogram and weight of core, are
compared and analyzed. Core technology coefficient is given. Some main factors to
affect core technology coefficient are discussed, and some measures to reduce no-load
loss are presented.
Second, it studied deeply on-load loss of power transformer. Several main factors,
such as eddy current loss and stray loss, which affect the safe operation and cause
partial overheat, are analyzed in details. Measures to reduce the eddy loss and the
stray loss are given. Reliability and economic of transformer are