文档介绍：,,,,,,,,,,LEROYHOOD,-从基因到基因组(ICS-fromgenestogenomes).(ics)anisms(fromsingle–cellbacteriaandprotozoatomulticellularplantsandanimal)muststore、replicate、transmitbiologicalinformationtothenextgeneration,andusevastquantitiesofinformationtodevelop,grow,reproduce,(ics)ics:thescienceofheredity, 一、遗传物质核酸是遗传物质,存在于任何生命形式的有机体。DNA是最普遍的遗传物质。在少数低等生物中RNA是遗传物质。DNA中贮存了大量的遗传信息。DNA ----icinformationFornearly4billionyearsthedouble-,whentheeukaryoticprecursorsofplants,animals,andfungievolvedfromsimplecell, ----icinformationSincethattime:Evolutionhashonedandexpandedthesoftware-theprogramsbywhichthemolecularstores,transmits,–thestructureoftheDNAmolecular- ----icinformationUnderspecialconditionsoflittleornooxygen,DNAcanwithstandawiderangeoftemperature,pressure,andhumidityandremainrelativeintactforhundreds,thousands,、icmaterialChemicalcharacterizationlocalizesDNAinthechromosomesBacterialtransformationimplicatesDNAasthesubstanceofgenesExperimentofinfectingbacterialcellwithbacteriophagesChemicalcharacterizationlocalizesDNAinthechromosomes1869friedrichextractedaweaklyacidic(phosphorus-richmaterial)andnamed“nuclein”,ponentturnedouttobeDNA-deoxyribonucleicacid,(nucleotide