文档介绍：FossilizationLiuLinaFossilization1TheultimategoalofSLAresearchistounderstandwhatisacquiredandwhatisnotacquiredandthemechanismsthatbringsecondlanguageknowledgeabout.(Gass,1988:198;emphasisadded)(SLA)iswhetheradultscaneveracquirenative-petenceinasecondlanguage(L2),5Oneofthemostenduringandfascinatingproblemsconfrontingresearchersofsecondlanguageacquisition(SLA)plishmentreservedforchildrenwhostartlearningatarelativelyearlyage(Kellerman,1995:219)6≥theageofaround7-10yearsSLA≠L1slowlaboriousfasteasy7Definitions8This"stoppingshort"hasbeenreferredtoasfossilization(Selinker,1972)pleteness(Schachter,1990).Itisoneofthenoticeablecharacteristicsofsecondlanguageacquisition. (Towell&Hawkins,1994:2)This"stoppingshort"hasbeenreferredtoasfossilization(Selinker,1972)pleteness(Schachter,1990).…apermanentcessationofILlearningbeforethelearnerhasattainedTLnormsatalllevelsoflinguisticstructureandinalldiscoursedomainsinspiteofthelearner’spositiveability,opportunity,ulturateintotargetsociety.(Selinker&Lamendella,1978:187)(1978)10