玉米自交系苗期耐低磷基因型评价与筛选.doc

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玉米自交系苗期耐低磷基因型评价与筛选#
张力天,李嘉,李梦璐,卢艳丽**
(四川农业大学玉米研究所,成都,611130)
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摘要:缺磷是发展玉米生产所面临的限制因素之一。本研究在低磷胁迫和正常供磷条件下,
对 456 份玉米自交系苗期 7 个性状进行遗传评价。方差分析表明:相同处理下自交系之间的
差异和自交系在不同处理间的差异均达到极显著水平。不同性状间遗传率估计存在明显差
异,其中干重具有较高遗传率,而广泛使用的耐低磷评价指标根冠比的遗传率不高。利用综
合指数可以将供试材料划分为低磷敏感、中等耐低磷和高耐低磷的 3 个等级类群。根据耐低
磷的选择指标建立的多元逐步回归模型,在低磷和正常供磷条件下可以分别解释总干重变异
的 %和 %。联合干重的耐低磷指数与综合指数的标准,共筛选出 23 份高耐低磷和
109 份低磷敏感的玉米自交系,可用于今后玉米耐低磷的遗传改良。
关键词:玉米,低磷胁迫,苗期性状,耐低磷评价
中图分类号:S513
Screening maize germplasm for low-phosphorus tolerance
using seedling traits
ZHANG Litian, LI Jia, LI Menglu, LU Yanli
(Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130)
Abstract: Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the major limiting factors in maize production in
many developing countries. This experiment was conducted to evaluate multiple low P tolerance
criteria and identify the suitable maize germplasm for our future low-P tolerance breeding. A total
of 456 diverse maize inbreds were evaluated for low-P tolerance at seedling stage using three
shoot-related traits and four root-related traits measured under applied phosphorus (AP) and
non-applied phosphorus (NAP) conditions. Analysis of variance revealed significant ic
variation among genotypes for all tested traits. Medium-to-high heritability estimates were
obtained for most traits. Dry weight (DW) was highly inherita