文档介绍：华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
农业市场化进程中我国农地制度研究
姓名:胡宝珠
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:西方经济学
指导教师:宋德勇
20041111
摘要
农地制度是农村经济制度的基础和核心农地制度安排的成功与否不仅关系到
农业和农村经济的发展而且影响整个国民经济的协调发展在农业市场化进程中
随着农业弱势地位逐步显现现有农地制度的问题也日渐暴露对其进行创新乃当务
之急
本文运用新制度经济学中的产权理论和交易成本理论对农地产权问题进行剖析
同时也运用比较分析方法对市场主体政府失灵与市场失灵问题进行分析
通过分析发现在家庭联产承包责任制下由于农地属于不具有法人资格的集体
经济组织所有农民因此难以成为农地的真正主人农地集体所有所导致的产权权属
不明给村委会和基层政府剥夺农民土地及土地收益提供了机会从而导致大量耕地资
源被占用和征用农民负担过重农民难以拥有长期稳定的土地承包权农地集体所
有也使农地难以实现跨区域流动制约了农地的市场化流转分析结果也显示以家
庭为单位的家庭农场式经营模式比以企业为单位的农业企业化的规模经营方式更有
效率农业市场化进程中市场主体应该是农业生产者而不应该是政府在我国目前农
地经营和管理中是政府失灵
针对农地制度本身及其运行中存在的问题文章认为要想使农地制度能够适应
农业市场化发展的要求并能够有效地贯彻落实以实现农民增收需要将集体农地
收归国有将农地承包制改为永包制赋予农民完整和永久的土地使用权
制定完善的农地制度法律转变政府职能逐步建立保障农民利益的组织

关键词农地制度农业市场化产权政府失灵
I
Abstract
Rural land system is the core and foundation of rural economic system. Whether we
can properly arrange rural land system or not will affect the development of agriculture and
rural economy, as well as the harmonious development of the whole national economy. In
agricultural marketization, es to an inferior status. So it is urgent to make an
innovation.
Basing on the theory of property rights and transaction cost of new institutional
economics, the paper analyses the property rights of rural land. We also apply the method
parison to analyze the principal part of market, government's failure vs. market's
failure.
Though analysis, we figure out, under the circumstance of China's system of
village-level land reallocation, rural land belongs to collective anization
which has not the qualification of corporation, so it is difficult for farmers to e the
genuine masters of rural land. Blurry property rights resulted by ownership of
collectively-held land offer opportunities for mittee and skeleton government
to deprive farmer-held land and es of land, so a lot of infield resources are
impropriated and expropriated, and farmers bear burden heavily, and it is difficult for them
to own the rights of land contracted long and steadily.