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2009年高考英语知识串讲
第1讲
一、Language Points
1.
share
v. 分享、合用:share sth with sb
n. 一份,股份
spare
a. 业余的,备用的:spare time, a spare tire
v. 抽出,匀给:spare me five minutes/
spare one of sandwiches for the boy
spare no efforts:不遗余力
spare no expense:不惜工本
save
v. 节省,救出
2.
He felt lucky to have survived the war.
3.
with sb about/over sth:和某人就某事争论
argue
for/against sth:赞成/反对…
Sb into/out of (doing) sth:说服某人做/不做某事
4.
have/make/let/see/watch/listen to
+宾+宾补(do/doing/done)
get sb to do sth
have+宾+宾补(to do/to be done)
5.
So+同一主语+助动词
So/neither/nor+助动词+另一主语
So it is/was with+另一主语
6.
should/ought to/need/could/might/would+do/have done
7.
except/but/except for/except that/except wh-clause
besides/in addition
apart from
but for=without
8.
The first time+从句
For the first time:作时间状语
It’s the first time+that-clause(完成时)
the first+名词+to do
9.
most
most of the +n.(pl)/pron.
the majority of (the)
mostly: 主要地(状)
10.
be equal to sth:与…相等
be equal to (doing) sth:胜任(做)某事
equal sth:与…相等
equal sb in sth:在…方面与某人匹敌
11.
compare…to/with…
compared to/with…
12.
a great many
several/two dozen/hundred +n.(pl.)
(many) dozens of
a great many of +the/these/those+n.(pl.)
seveal/two dozen of +pron.
13.
much too+adj/adv(原级)
too much+n.(u.)
too many+n.(pl.)
14.
没有被动态
come about(主要用于疑问句、否定句)
happen(表示偶然、碰巧之意)
sth+ take place(多表示有组织、有计划)
break out(指战争、灾害、疾病等的爆发)
occur(与happen通用)
It occurs to sb that/to do…:某人突然想起…
15.
n./pron./adj./adv./prep-phrase
to do:表将来
With+宾+宾补 doing:表正在进行
Done:表过去
16. 强调句型的判断方法:如果将句子中的“it be”和“that”去掉,原句通顺则是强调句,否则就不是强调句。例:
It was in the street that I met an old friend yesterday.
二、语法专题──名词的考点
1. 考查可数名词和不可数名词,尤其是许多不可数名词在一定情况下变为可数名词。
2. 考查名词的格,即’s所有格,of所有格或双重所有格。
3. 名词作定语。
4. 名词及名词短语的辨析。
5. 名词与介词,冠词,动词的搭配。
三、题型归纳──辨析型单项填空
1. 名词的辨析
名词的辨析首先要注意名词单复数的意义区别,如parent指父亲或母亲,而parents指父母双亲;people指人们,而a people指民族。其次注意可数与不可数时的意义区别,如: exercise指锻炼;而exercises指练习题或练习操;再次,注意同义名词或近义名词的区别,如:: eve