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外文文献工程管理造价.doc

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外文文献工程管理造价.doc

上传人:ttteee8 2019/12/4 文件大小:83 KB

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文档介绍:ConstructionprojectcostmanagemerrtsystemoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaConstructionindustryisthesecondbigindustry,about8%・Inthepasttwoyears,theconstructionmarketofthetotalinvestmentofupto$sixhundredbillioneveryyear,theUnitedStatesfortheconstruetionoftheprojectisdividedintothegovernmentinvestmentandprivateinvestmentprojects,forgovernmentinvestmentprojects,theUnitedStatestakesawhoeverinvestmentmanagementpattern,namely,directinvestmentbythegovernmentdepartmentmanagementtoprivatemanagementproject,thegovernmentdoesnotintervene,buttheengineeringtechnicalstandards,safetyandsocialimpactontheenvironmentandsocialbenefitbylaws,,intheUnitedStatesdidnottakecostandtimelimitforaproject,qualitytoseparateseparatemanagement,:heconstructionperiod;Asabaitengineeringmusthaveengineeringqualitystandard,andthentalkaboutthecostofreasonable;ordingtoplantimetoperform,couldnotbreakthroughapredeterminedcost・Second,thepursuitofwholelifecyclecostminimum・IntheUnitedStates,aftercalculatetheprojectcost,generallyneedtocalculatethemaintenancecostaftertheprojectputintooperation,maketheprojectlifeperiodcostestimates,prehensiveanalysis,soastoavoidtheone-sidedpursuitoflowcost,theprojectputintoproduct!onaftermaintenaneeusecostscontinuetoincrease・Three,thewidelyapplicationofvalueengineeringAmericanengineeringcostestimationisbasedonvalueengineering,inengineeringdesignresearch,generallyhasappraiser',makethecostbasedonareasonablelevel,,attachesgreatimportancetotheWorkBreakdownStrueture(theWorkBreakdownStructure-theWBS)ountingcodeForlargeandmedium-sizedproject,inordertoensurethesmoothimplementationoftheproje