文档介绍：The 2008 Kersten Lecture
Integration of geotechnical and structural design in tunneling
Evert Hoek
Consulting Engineer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Carlos Carranza-Torres
CCT Rock Engineering, Minneapolis, Minnesota USA
Mark Diederichs
Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario,
Canada
Brent Corkum
Rocscience Inc., Toronto, Canada
To be presented at the opening keynote address, by Dr Evert Hoek, at the University of
Minnesota 56th Annual Geotechnical Engineering Conference to be held in Minneapolis
on 29 February 2008.
The 2008 Kersten Lecture
Integration of geotechnical and structural design in tunneling
Evert Hoek
Consulting Engineer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Carlos Carranza-Torres
CCT Rock Engineering, Minneapolis, Minnesota USA
Mark Diederichs
Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario,
Canada
Brent Corkum
Rocscience Inc., Toronto, Canada
ABSTRACT: In the majority of modern rock tunnels the deformation and hence the stability of
the tunnel is controlled by bination of reinforcement and support systems. The reinforce-
ment consists of rockbolts or cables which modify the properties of the rock mass in much the
same way as reinforcement does in concrete. The support systems generally involve steel sets or
lattice girders fully embedded in shotcrete and these provide resistance to control the conver-
gence of the tunnel. This paper describes the methods that can be used to optimize the design of
tunnels using bination of reinforcement and support methods. Particular attention is given
to tunnels in very weak rock or soil in which large deformations can occur. Two case histories
are presented to illustrate the integration of geotechnical and structural design methods. The first
is a 12 m span two lane highway tunnel, excavated by top heading and benching in a very weak
rock mass and the second involves a 25 km long, m diamet