文档介绍：Foundations
of
Statistical
Natural
Language
Processing
E0123734
Christopher D. Manning
Hinrich Schiitze
The MIT Press
Cambridge, Massachusetts
London, England
Second printing, 1999
0 1999 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Second printing with corrections, 2000
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any
electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or informa-
tion storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher.
Typeset in lo/13 Lucida Bright by the authors using ETPX2E.
Printed and bound in the United States of America.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Information
Manning, Christopher D.
Foundations of statistical natural language processing / Christopher D.
Manning, Hinrich Schutze.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index.
ISBN 0-262-13360-l
1. Computational linguistics-Statistical methods. I. Schutze, Hinrich.
II. Title.
1999
410’.285-dc21 99-21137
CIP
Brief Contents
I Preliminaries 1
1 Introduction 3
2 Mathematical Foundations 39
3 Linguistic Essentials 81
4 Corpus-Based Work 117
II Words 149
5 Collocations 151
6 Statistical Inference: n-gram Models over Sparse Data 191
7 Word Sense Disambiguation 229
8 Lexical Acquisition 265
III Grammar 315
9 Markov Models 317
10 Part-of-Speech Tagging 341
11 Probabilistic Context Free Grammars 381
12 Probabilistic Parsing 407
Iv Applications and Techniques 461
13 Statistical Alignment and Machine Translation 463
14 Clustering 495
15 Topics in Information Retrieval 529
16 Text Categorization 575
Contents
List of Tables xv
List of Figures xxi
Table of Notations xxv
Preface rodx
Road Map mxv
I Preliminaries 1
1 Introduction 3
Rationalist and Empiricist Approaches to Language 4
Scientific Content 7
Questions that linguistics should answer 8
Non-categorical phenomena in language