文档介绍：THE SOCIAL THE SOCIAL CONTRACTCONTRACTPOLITICAL PHILOSOPHERS 101POLITICAL PHILOSOPHERS 101PHILOSOPHERSPHILOSOPHERS??Thomas HobbesThomas Hobbes??John LockeJohn Locke??Baron de MontesquieuBaron de Montesquieu??Jean-Jacques RousseauJean-Jacques Rousseau??Thomas homas PaineHOBBESHOBBES??English philosopher who English philosopher who stressed governmental stressed governmental power as seen in power as seen in ““LeviathanLeviathan””, his major , his major .??SovereignSovereign’’s power should s power should be unlimited.??The The STATE STATE originated in a originated in a ““social contractsocial contract””..??Individuals protected from Individuals protected from ““brutishbrutish”” instincts. (1651)(1651)??Imaginary Imaginary ““state of naturestate of nature””, in which people live , in which people live without government.??People would be in constant war with one would be in constant war with one another.??People would be free to do what they wanted, but People would be free to do what they wanted, but nobody could enjoy this freedom because others nobody could enjoy this freedom because others would have the right to trample those very would have the right to trample those very .??All citizens agree to obey a single power that is All citizens agree to obey a single power that is strong enough to force everyone to follow the rules strong enough to force everyone to follow the rules and live in live in peace.??This grants the sovereign absolute grants the sovereign absolute LOCKEJOHN LOCKE??English philosopher English philosopher who accepted and who accepted and revised the social revised the social contract theory.??A major influence to A major influence to the Declaration of the Declaration of Independence and Independence and The TREATISES OF TWO TREATISES OF GOVERNMENT (1690)GOVERNMENT (1