文档介绍：AppendixC
Windows 2000
The Microsoft Windows operating system is a 32-bit preemptive multitasking
operating system for Intel Pentium and later microprocessors. The essor
to the Windows NT operating system, it was previously named Windows NT
Version . Key goals for the system are portability, security, Portable Oper-
ating System Interface (POSIX or IEEE Std. ) compliance, multiprocessor
support, extensibility, international support, patibility with MS-DOS
and Microsoft Windows applications. In this appendix, we discuss the key
goals for this system, the layered architecture of the system that makes it so
easy to use, the file system, networks, and the programming interface.
History
In the mid-1980s, Microsoft and IBM cooperated to develop the OS/2 operating
system, which was written in assembly language for single-processor Intel
80286 systems. In 1988, Microsoft decided to make a fresh start and to develop
a “new technology”(or NT) portable operating system that supported both the
OS/2 and POSIX application programming interfaces (APIs). In October 1988,
Dave Cutler, the architect of the DEC VAX/VMS operating system, was hired
and given the charter of building this new operating system.
Originally, the team planned for NT to use the OS/2 API as its native
environment, but during development, it was changed to use the 32-bit
Windows API (or Win32 API), reflecting the popularity of Windows
first versions of NT were Windows NT and Windows NT Advanced
Server. (At that time, 16-bit Windows was at Version .) Windows NT
adopted the Windows 95 user interface and incorporated web-server
and web-browser software. In addition, user-interface routines and graphics
code were moved into the kernel to improve performance, with the side effect of
decreased system previous versions of NT had been ported
to other microprocessor architectures, Windows discontinues that practic