文档介绍：arXiv:quant-ph/0011036 v1 9 Nov 2000
.c FrtCasHnus,Mteais nvriyo Qu of University Mathematics, Honours), Class (First .
.c,Pyis nvriyo uesad 1998 Queensland, of University Physics, .,
unu nomto Theory Information Quantum
umte nPrilFllmn fthe of Fulfillment Partial in Submitted
.c,Uiest fQenln,1993 Queensland, of University .,
luuru,NwMxc,USA Mexico, New Albuquerque,
eurmnsfrteDge of Degree the for Requirements
ihe ao Nielsen Aaron Michael
h nvriyo e Mexico New of University The
otro Philosophy of Doctor
DISSERTATION
eebr1998 December
Physics
By
esad 1994 eensland,
c 1998, Michael Aaron Nielsen
ii
Dedicated to the memory of Michael Gerard Kennedy
24 January 1951 – 3 June 1998
iii
Acknowledgments
It is a great pleasure to thank the many people who have contributed to this Dissertation. My
deepest thanks goes to my friends and family, especially my parents, Howard and Wendy, for
their support and encouragement. Warm thanks also to the many other people who have con-
tributed to this Dissertation, especially Carl Caves, who has been a terrific mentor, colleague,
and friend; to Gerard Milburn, who got me started in physics, in research, and in quantum in-
formation; and to Ben Schumacher, whose boundless enthusiasm and encouragement has provided
so much inspiration for my research. Throughout my graduate career I have had the pleasure
of many enjoyable and helpful discussions with Howard Barnum, Ike Chuang, Chris Fuchs, Ray-
mond Laflamme, Manny Knill, Mark Tracy, and Wojtek Zurek. In particular, Howard Barnum,
Carl Caves, Chris Fuchs, Manny Knill, and Ben Schumacher helped me learn much of what I know
about quantum operations, entropy, and distance measures for quantum information. The material
reviewed in chapters 3 through 5 I learnt in no small measure from these people. Many other friends
and colleagues have contributed to this Dissertation. A partial list includes Chris Adami, Dorit
Aharonov, James Angli