文档介绍：ADVANCES ANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY, VOL 48
plexes of Stable Carbenes*
WOLFGANG A. HERRMANN
anisch-chemi$ches Institut der Technischen Univerait&t MOnchen
D-85747 Garching bei MOnchen, Germany
THOMAS WESKAMP
Symyx Technologies
Santa Clara, California 95051
VOLKER P. W. BC)HM
Department of Chemistry
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
I. Introduction ............................. 1
A. Historic Background ....................... 1
B. Stable Carbenes ......................... 3
C. Precursors for Stable Carbenes ................... 5
II. plexes .......................... 8
A. Main-Group plexes ................... 8
B. Transition plexes .................... 11
C. Properties of NHC Ligands ..................... 31
III. Applications in Homogeneous Catalysis ................. 35
A. Olefin Metathesis ........................ 36
B. Heck-TypeReactions ....................... 42
C. Other Reactions ......................... 47
D. Heterogenization ......................... 51
E. Asymmetric Catalysis ....................... 53
F. High-Throughput Screening .................... 54
IV. Other Applications .......................... 55
A. Materials Science ........................ 55
B. anic Chemistry ...................... 56
C. Medicinal Chemistry ....................... 57
V. Summary .............................. 58
References ............................. 59
I
INTRODUCTION
A. Historic Background
Carbenes--molecules with a neutral dicoordinate carbon atom have played an
important role anic chemistry ever since their first firm evidence of existence.
*Dedicated to Professor Henri Brunner on the occasion of his 65th birthday.
Copyrlght © 2001 by Academic Press, Inc.
All rights of reproductlon In any form reserved.
0065-3055/01 $
2 HERRMANN etal.
However, despite the increasing interest in persistent intermediates sin