建筑构造基础.ppt

文档介绍：第二章基础?第一节地基与基础的基本概念?地基:支撑建筑物的土层?一、天然地基和人工地基NaturalGroundandArtificialGround?(一)天然地基NaturalGround:?天然的能够受力的土层。?种类?岩石rock?碎石土crushedstonesoil?砂土sandysoil?粘性土clay?人工填土earth-fill?(二)人工地基ArtificialGround?Whenthecapacityofthesoiltosupportloadsisn'tenough,artificialgroundhastobeused.?pactionmethod?换土法replacementmethod?pactor:压实机?replacementmethod?Toimprovethebearingcapacityinvaryinggroundconditions,softspotsareusuallyfilledwithconsolidatedhardcoreoraweakconcrete,beforethefoundationislaid.?Consolidate:加强、巩固?Hardcore:碎砖石?weakconcrete:低标号混凝土?pilefoundation?Whenafoundationislaidinpoorsoil,,thenaso--in-situreinforcedconcretepiles.?Excavate:开凿、挖掘