文档介绍：Irreversibilities in Quantum Mechanics
Fundamental Theories of Physics
An International Book Series on The Fundamental Theories of Physics:
Their Clarification, Development and Application
Editor:
ALWYN VAN DER MERWE, University of Denver, .
Editorial Advisory Board:
JAMES T. CUSHING, University of Notre Dame, .
GIANCARLO GHIRARDI, University of Trieste, Italy
LAWRENCE P. HORWITZ, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
BRIAN D. JOSEPHSON, University of Cambridge, .
CLIVE KILMISTER, University of London, .
PEKKA J. LAHTI, University of Turku, Finland
ASHER PERES, Israel Institute of Technology, Israel
EDUARD PRUGOVECKI, University of Toronto, Canada
TONY SUDBURY, University of York, .
HANS-JÜRGEN TREDER, Zentralinstitut für Astrophysik der Akademie der
Wissenschaften, Germany
Volume 113
Irreversibilities in
Quantum Mechanics
by
Benjamin Fain
School of Chemistry
Tel Aviv University
Tel Aviv, Israel
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
NEW YORK / BOSTON / DORDRECHT / LONDON / MOSCOW
eBook ISBN: 0-306-47128-0
Print ISBN: 0-792-36581-X
©2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers
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CONTENTS
Foreword vii
Introduction ix
CHAPTER I. QUANTUM-THEORETICALBASIS. DENSITY MATRIX 1
Basic concepts 1
Variousrepresentations of physical quantities 3
Quantum state and statistical ensembles 5
The wave function 6
Entropy of quantum ensembles 10
Pure and mixed states. Proper mixtures 11
Transition probability per unit time 17
Continuous spectrum of energies and irreversibility 22
CHAPTER II. QUANTUM THEORY OF RELAXATION PROCESSES 24
Exact equatio