文档介绍：ProjectManagement:AManagerialApproach4/,&Sons, anizationsTherearemanyreasonsfortherapidgrowth,butmostofthemcanbegroupedinfourgeneralareas:petitionThedevelopmentofnewproducts,processes,orservicesregularlyrequiresinputfromdiverseareasofspecializedknowledgeChapter4-rowth(cont.)anizationsAmajorityofseniormanagersrarelyfeelmuchconfidenceintheirunderstandingandcontroloftheactivitiesintheirareasChapter4-anizationTheprojectasafree-anizationAthirdtype,anizationisahybridofthetwomaintypesEachhasadvantagesanddisadvantagesChapter4-anizationastheadministrativehomeforaprojectinclude:MaximumflexibilityintheuseofstaffIndividualexpertscanbeutilizedbymanydifferentprojectsSpecialistsinthedivisioncanbegroupedtoshareknowledgeandexperienceThefunctionaldivisionalsoservesasabaseoftechnologicalcontinuitywhenindividualschoosetoleavetheprojectThefunctionaldivisioncontainsthenormalpathofadvancementforindividualswhoseexpertiseisinthefunctionalareaChapter4-anizationTherearealsodisadvantagestohousingtheprojectinafunctionalarea:asionally,noindividualisgivenfullresponsibilityfortheprojectThereareoftenseverallayersofmanagementbetweentheprojectandtheclientThereisatendencytosuboptimizetheprojectChapter4-anization:TheprojectmanagerhasfulllineauthorityovertheprojectAllmembersoftheprojectworkforcearedirectlyresponsibletotheprojectmanagerWhentheprojectisremovedfromthefunctionaldivision,essiveprojectsofasimilarkind,anizationcanmaintainapermanentcadreofexpertswhodevelopskillsinspecifictechnologiesChapter4-anization(cont.)mitmentfromitsmembersBecausetheauthorityiscentralized,anizationsarestructurallysimpleandflexible,anizationalstructuretendstosupportaholisticapproachtotheprojectChapter4-anization:esstotechnologicalknowledgeandskillsthatresultsinanattemptbyprojectmanagerstostockpileequipmentandtechnicalassistanceThefunctionaldivisionisarepositoryoftechnicallore,essibletoteammembersofthepureprojectte