文档介绍：Chapter Nine Chapter Nine 第九章第九章 Time: One Period Time: One Period 摩擦音摩擦音 Friction consonants Friction consonants / h / & / r / / h / & / r / Can you read them correctly? Can you read them correctly? ?? There was an old woman. There was an old woman. ?? And nothing she had, And nothing she had, ?? And so this old woman, And so this old woman, ?? Was said to be mad. Was said to be mad. ?? She She ’’ d nothing to eat. d nothing to eat. ?? She She ’’ d nothing to ear, d nothing to ear, ?? She She ’’ d nothing to lose, d nothing to lose, ?? She She ’’ d nothing to fear, d nothing to fear, ?? She She ’’ d nothing to ask, d nothing to ask, ?? And nothing to leave. And nothing to leave. ?? Introduction Introduction ?? There are ten friction There are ten friction consonants in English. For all consonants in English. For all of them the lung pushes air of them the lung pushes air through a narrow opening through a narrow opening where it causes friction of where it causes friction of various kinds. Among them, various kinds. Among them, /f, /f, θθ, s, , s, ? ? , h/ are voiceless , h/ are voiceless consonants while / v, consonants while / v, e e , z, , z, ? ? , r, / , r, / are voiced consonants. are voiced consonants. /h/ & /r/ /h/ & /r/ ?? The The / h / / h / are made by opening the are made by opening the mouth and sigh in a relaxed manner, mouth and sigh in a relaxed manner, with voice. with voice. ?? The The /r/ /r/ sound is made by putting the tip sound is made by putting the tip of the tongue near, but not touching, of the tongue near, but not touching, the back part of the upper teeth ridge; the back part of the upper teeth ridge; the main body of the tongue is kept low the main body of the tongue is kept low and the front is held concave allowing and the front is held concave allowing air to escape. air to escape. 舌位图舌位图/h/ /h/ 舌位图舌位图/r/ /r/ ??/ /h h / / h h e / e / h h is / head / is / head / h h ope / ope