文档介绍：:-(1737-1809)托马斯·潘恩(ThomasPaine):英裔美国思想家、作家、政治活动家、理论家、革命家、激进民主主义者。生于英国诺福克郡,曾继承父业做过裁缝,后来做过教师、税务官员,后来投身欧美革命运动。1792年他被选入法国国民公会。1802年在杰斐逊总统的邀请下,潘恩返回美国。1809年6月8日在纽约格林尼治村林苑路59号去世,享年72岁。:borninapoorQuakercorsetorstifffamilyreceivedverylimitededucationservedasanexciseman收税官&monSensein1776asapropagandist宣传者forAmericanRevolution4leftforEuropein1787Wrote&publishedRightsofManin1791and1792madeaFrenchcitizenandelectedtotheNationalConventionin1792Imprisonedfrom1793to1794,releasedwithJamesMonroe’shelpLeftParisforAmericain1802,)TheCaseoftheOfficersoftheExcise税吏事件(1772)---hisfirstpamphlet,monSense常识(1776) ---signedsimply“ByanEnglishman”,tourgethecoloniestodeclareindependence;Painebecameforthwiththemostarticulate(表达清楚有力的).)TheAmericanCrisis美国危机(1776-1783) ---Paine’schiefcontributionwasaseriesof16pamphlets(1776-1783)monSense”whichdealtdirectlywiththemilitaryengagementstoinspiretheContinentalArmy. 4.)TheRightsofMan人权论(1791-92) ---ananswertoBurke’sRecentReflectionsontheFrenchRevolution,whichnotonlychampioned支持Rousseau’s卢梭(法国启蒙思想家)doctrinesoffreedom,.)TheAgeofReason理性时代(1795)---.)AnalysisofTheAmericanCrisis (1776–1783)---aseriesofpamphletspublishedinLondonfrom1776–,;theopen