文档介绍：Chapter 1
Introduction to Mineralogy
Petrophysics is the study of rock properties and their interactions with fluids
(gases, liquid hydrocarbons, and aqueous solutions). The geologic material
forming a reservoir for the accumulation of hydrocarbons in the subsurface
must contain a three-work of interconnected pores in order to
store the fluids and allow for their movement within the reservoir. Thus, the
porosity of the reservoir rocks and their permeability are the most fundamen-
tal physical properties with respect to the storage and transmission of fluids.
Accurate knowledge of these two properties for any hydrocarbon reservoir,
together with the fluid properties, is required for efficient development, man-
agement, and prediction of future performance of the oilfield.
The purpose of this book is to provide a basic understanding of the physical
properties of porous geologic materials, and the interactions of various fluids
with the interstitial surfaces and the distribution of pores of various sizes within
the porous medium. Procedures for the measurement of petrophysical proper-
ties are included as a necessary part of this text. Applications of the fundamen-
tal properties to subsurface geologic strata must be made by analyses of the
variations of petrophysical properties in the subsurface reservoir.
Emphasis is placed on the testing of small samples of rocks to uncover
their physical properties and their interactions with various fluids. A consider-
able body of knowledge of rocks and their fluid flow properties has been
obtained from studies of artificial systems such works of pores etched
on glass plates, packed columns of glass beads, and from outcrop samples of
unconsolidated sands, sandstones, and limestones. These studies have been
used to develop an understanding of the petrophysical and fluid transport
properties of the plex subsurface samples of rocks associated with
petroleum reservoirs. This body of experimental data and