文档介绍：学校编码: 10384 分类号学号: 200308174 UDC 硕士学位论文替代责任研究 The Study on the Vicarious Liability 郭芳晋指导教师姓名: 刘永光副教授专业名称: 法律硕士论文提交日期: 2 0 0 6 年 4 月论文答辩时间: 2006 年月学位授予日期: 2006 年月答辩委员会主席: 评阅人: 2006 年 4 月内容摘要内容摘要替代责任是侵权责任形态理论中的重要内容,它是指基于特定关系,一方对另一方的侵权行为所承担的法律责任。我国现行法对替代责任的规定不够严谨、完善,理论认识上也较多歧义,以致实践中无所适从。本文运用民法基本理论, 从比较法与实证法的角度对替代责任深入分析,揭示替代责任的本质特征、因果关系、归责原则以及替代责任与直接责任的关系,以此为基础,对我国法中的替代责任进行厘定,并对未来民法典关于替代责任的规定提出意见。本文除引言和结语外,分为四章进行论述。第一章概括说明替代责任发展的历史过程, 通过对学者各种理论认识及立法规定的分析辨别,总结替代责任的定义、特征,并阐释其法理基础。第二章重点分析替代责任中的因果关系, 从而得出责任人的行为与损害事实并无法律上的因果关系,因而责任人的过错无所归依,没有考察的必要性。文章在排除过错责任、过错推定责任及公平责任适用的基础上,认为替代责任应以无过错责任作为归责原则。第三章论证直接责任与替代责任构成不真正连带责任关系, 在某些情况下法律也可将其规定为连带责任。责任人承担责任后一般可以向行为人追偿,但应区别责任人与行为人的不同关系适用不用的规定。法律应当允许受害人选择责任人或行为人作为被告或将二者作为共同被告提起诉讼。第四章详细考察我国法中的两类替代责任:用人者的责任和监护人的责任, 运用法律解释方法进行合理分析解释,并指出其不足之处。文章最后对我国民法典关于替代责任的规定提出自己的建议。关键词: 替代责任;因果关系;归责原则 ABSTRACT ABSTRACT The vicarious liability is that the person is liable to the reparation for injury by the tortfeasor holding the specia l relationship to him. It is the important part of the theory of the shapes of tortious liability, but it’s not exact plete in our civil law, so that the juristic theory and judi cial practice are in disorder. Exercising the basic theory of civi l law and deeply studying from angle of the positive law and comparative law, the author of the article explores the nature, the relationship between the cause and effect, the doctrin e of liability fixation of the vicarious liability and the nexus between the vicarious liability and th e direct liability. Basing on analysis, the author generalizes the types of the vicari ous liability existing in our civil law and advances his own view to the legislation of the liability in our civil law. The paper includes four chapters, except for foreword and conclusion. The chapter 1 simply narrates the long hist ory of the vicarious liability. Based on studying the jurisconsult’s viewpoint and re gulations, the article generalizes the defini